Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi papu waipēhi mō te mahi ahumahi tonu

He aratohu a te kaihanga mō te whiriwhiri i runga i ngā āhuatangangā papu waipēhimō te mahi ahumahi tonu — te whakarōpūtanga huringa kawenga, te tātari mahi, me te anga whakatau e hono ana i te hangarau papu ki tō horopaki whakahaere motuhake.

Neke atu i te 15 tau te roa o tā mātou whare hanga i Ningbo e tuku ana i ngā papu wai mō ngā mahi tonu puta noa i ngā rāngai moana, hōia, me ngā rāngai ahumahi. E ai ki ō mātou wheako, ko te whakamāramatanga o te "mahi tonu" te mea tuatahi ka whakamāramahia e mātou ki ia kaihoko.

I roto i tā mātou whare hanga me ngā raina whakaputa e ono, neke atu i te 80,000 ngā papu waipara e hangaia ana e mātou ia tau puta noa i ngā raina whakaputa e ono, ā, ko ngā tono mahi tonu te wāhanga nui o tā mātou putanga. Kua whakatikatikahia e tā mātou tīma hangarau ā mātou hoahoa papu mā roto i ngā tekau tau o ngā urupare mara mai i ngā kiritaki moana, hōia, me ngā kiritaki ahumahi puta noa i te ao.

Te Tikanga Tuturu o te Mahi Tonu

Ina tohua e te kaihoko te "utu haere tonu" mō tētahipapu waipēhi, me whakamārama tātou i te tikanga o tēnā i roto i ngā kupu hangarau i mua i te taea e tātou te taunaki i tētahi hua. Nā te mea he whānui te whakamahinga o te kupu "tonu" i roto i te ahumahi — ko te tikanga i ētahi wā ko te "rere nui" kaua ko te whakamāramatanga hangarau hiko tika — ka whakamārama tonu tā mātou tīma hangarau i tā mātou whakarōpūtanga mahi IEC i te wāhanga whakatakotoranga.

I roto i te paerewa IEC 60034-1,Tūnga S1 (tonu)Ko te tikanga, ka mahi te mīhini i te kawenga kua whakatauria mō te wā mutunga kore tae noa ki te taurite wera me te pupuri tonu. Mō te papu waipēhi, ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te rere i te pēhanga kua whakatauria me te rere mō te huringa whakaputa katoa — 8 hāora, 16 hāora, i ētahi tono rānei 24 hāora — me te kore e neke atu i ngā rohe pāmahana o ōna peera, hiri, me te wai. Nā te mea ko te taurite wera i roto i te papu waipēhi me mahi tonu mō te 30 ki te 60 meneti, ko te papu e rere ana mō te 2 hāora i te kawenga katoa, kātahi ka kati, ehara i te mahi tonu — he mahi wā poto me te wā hohe roa.

Ko te tikanga mahi mō te whiriwhiri papu, me hoahoa ia wāhanga mō te whakaputa wera tonu. Ko ā mātou papu servo vane raupapa ABT he mea hanga mō te mahi tonu i roto i ngā mīhini whakakoi werohanga, ko te mahi 24/7 te paerewa whakaputa. Ka whakatauria ngā peera mō ngā kawenga radial me axial tonu, ka mau tonu te hiri o ngā vane i ngā pāmahana wai teitei (tae atu ki te 80 nekehanga Celsius tonu), ā, ko temowhiti kāmeraka whakapakeketia te mata kia roa ake te mau. Nā te mea ka puta tonu te wera i te papu e mahi ana i te mahi S1, kapuna waiMe whai whakaaro te rahi, te kaha o te pouaka whakamatao, me te kōwhiringa matotoru wai ki te kawenga wera pumau — ka whakaratohia e tā mātou tīma hangarau ngā pepa mahi tatau wera mō ia tono mahi tonu.

Ka whakarōpūhia e tā mātou tīma hangarau ia tono a te kaihoko mā te kaha o te huringa kawenga i mua i te tūtohutanga i tētahi papu. Nā te mea ka whakatauhia e tā mātou tātaritanga huringa kawenga taipitopito te rahi o te peera, te hanganga o te vane, me te whakatauranga o te pou, he rite te hiranga o tēnei whakarōpūtanga ki te whakatakotoranga pēhanga me te rere.

Tātari Huringa Utaina: Te Whakarōpū i tō Taupānga

Ko te tuarua o ngā taurangi i roto i tā mātoume pēhea te whiriwhiri i te papu waipēhiKo te anga ko te kaha o te huringa kawenga — te tauira o te pēhanga me te rere o te wai i roto i te wā. Nā te mea he rerekē ngā wero hangarau o te papu e whakahaere ana i te 14 MPa pumau mō ngā haora 8 i te papu e huri ana i waenga i te 0 me te 21 MPa i ia 15 hēkona, mā te huringa kawenga e whakatau ko tēhea hangarau papu me tēhea whirihoranga i roto i taua hangarau e tika ana.

E toru ngā wāhanga o ngā huringa kawenga e whakarōpūtia ana e mātou i runga i te ōwehenga mana tihi-ki-toharite:

Ngā Taupānga Kawenga Pūmau (Ōwehenga 1.0 ki te 1.3)

Ka mahi te pūnaha i te pēhanga me te rere tata tonu me te iti o te rerekētanga. Hei tauira: ngā waeine hiko waipēhi mō te whakapiri taputapu mīhini, ngā pūnaha whakahinuhinu pēhanga pumau, ngā taputapu whakamātautau waipēhi. Nā te mea he pumau te kawenga wera, he rawaka ngā whirihoranga peera me te vane paerewa. Ā mātouPV2Rraupapa takitahingā papu vaneko tā mātou taunakitanga paerewa mō ngā tono kawenga pumau.

Ngā Taupānga Kawenga Taurangi (Ōwehenga 1.3 ki te 3.0)

Ka huri te pūnaha i waenga i ngā taumata pēhanga me te rere rerekē — he mea noa i roto i te hanga werohanga (ngā huringa rawhi/wero/pupuri/tuwha), ngā pēhi pēhi (ngā huringa whakatata/pēhi/whakahoki), me te whakahaere rauemi (ngā huringa hiki/pupuri/whakaheke). Nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka puta tete huringa pēhangaka whakaputa i te ahotea wera i roto i ngā peera me te ahotea miihini i roto i ngā vane, ka tohua e mātou tā mātouT6/T7raupapa me ngā peera whakakaha mete vane bilabiante hanganga. E rua ngā pūwāhi hiri e hangaia ana e te hoahoa bilabian mō ia vane, e tohatoha ana i te kawenga pēhanga me te whakaiti i te kakahu i raro i ngā āhuatanga huringa.

Ngā Taupānga Utaina Ru (Ōwehenga 3.0+)

Ka pāngia te pūnaha e ngā pikinga pēhanga ohorere, teitei - he mea noa i roto i ngā mīhini hanga, ngā mīhini kuru toka, me ngā taputapu hanga. Nā te mea ka puta he taumahatanga tihi e 3 ki te 5 ngā wā o te toharite e ngā kawenga ru, me nui rawa te hanganga o te papu e pā ana ki tōna pūwāhi mahi toharite. Ko tā mātou raupapa ABT me ngā peera pou taumaha me te hoahoa kātereti taurite-pēhanga ka taea te whakahaere i ngā taumahatanga ru tae atu ki te tihi 28 MPa me te pēhanga tonu kua whakatauria o te 21 MPa. Ka tūtohu hoki mātou i ngā pūnaha mimiti ru e hangai ana ki te kohikohi hei tiaki i te papu mai i ngā nekehanga pēhanga.

Mā te wheako whakaputa puta noa i te whakarewa werohanga, te mīhini pēhi, te urungi moana, me ngā taputapu pūkoro ka taea te whakataurite i waenga i te momo mīhini me te tūtohutanga papu.

Te Mahere Horopaki Ahumahi: Ko tēhea Papu mō tēhea Mīhini

Mā te wheako whakaputa puta noa i ngā rāngai aunoatanga moana, hōia, me te ahumahi ka mārama te hononga i waenga i ngā momo mīhini me ngā tūtohutanga papu. Nā te mea he huringa kawenga motuhake, he tauira mahi, me te āhua taiao o ia momo mīhini, ko tā mātoukōwhiringa papu waipēhie whai ana i tētahi tauira ka taea te tukurua:

Mīhini whakarewa werohanga (S1 tonu, ōwehenga kawenga rerekē 1.5-2.5):Ko tā mātou papu servo vane raupapa ABT. Ka whakakorea e te tere rerekē e peia ana e te servo-driven te moumou pūngao i te wā e pupuri ana me te whakamatao ana, ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao mā te 30 ki te 60 ōrau ki te whakataurite ki ngā pūnaha pēhanga-pūmau tere-pūmau. Ko ā mātou pūnaha servo — i hangaia me ngā puku Taiwan Delta me ā mātou ake papu vane — te whirihoranga paerewa mō ngā hanganga mīhini weronga hou.

Pēhi waipēhi (S3 wā poto, ōwehenga kawenga ru 3.0-5.0):Ko tā mātou papu pehanga teitei raupapa T7B. Nā te mea he tere te whakatata (pēhanga iti, rere nui), te pēhi (pēhanga teitei, rere iti), me te whakahoki (pēhanga iti, rere nui), ka taea e te papu te whakahaere i te huringa pēhanga tino nui. Ko tā mātou T7B me te mowhiti cam whakapakari me ngā peera mahi-taumaha ka taea te whakahaere i ngā pēhanga tihi tae atu ki te 28 MPa i roto i te mahi wā-poto.

Pūnaha urungi moana (S1 tonu, ōwehenga kawenga pumau 1.0-1.2):Ko tā mātou papu takitoru T6DCC. Mā te whirihoranga takitoru ka whakaratohia te rere o te urungi tuatahi, te rere tārua ohorere, me te rere ratonga āwhina mai i tētahi waeine kotahi e peia ana e te toki. Nā te mea me whai tiwhikete rōpū whakarōpūtanga ngā tono moana, ko tā mātou CCS/Te Tari Whakahaere Hauora (DNV)/He paerewa ngā tiwhikete ABS/BV/LR mō ngā papu whirihora-moana katoa.

Puku kawe ahumahi (S1 tonu, ōwehenga kawenga pumau 1.0-1.1):Ko tā mātou papu kotahi raupapa PV2R. Nā te mea ka mahi ngā puku kawe i te pēhanga pumau me te iti o te huringa, ko ngā paearu whiriwhiri matua ko te tere rere, te taumata haruru, me te whai huatanga o te pūngao. Ka mahi tā mātou raupapa PV2R i te 62 ki te 68 dB(A) i roto i ngā rohe pānga haruru o te EU me te kore he ārai haruru tāpiri.

Keri nekeneke (taurangi S3, ōwehenga kawenga ru 2.0-4.0):Ko tā mātou raupapa T6 me ngā whana bilabian whānui-mātotoru. Nā te mea ka mahi ngā taputapu pūkoro i ngā taiao pāmahana tino kino (mai i te 20 ki te neke atu i te 50 nekehanga taiao) me ngā huringa mahi rerekē, me aro te papu ki ngā pikinga mātotoru tīmatanga makariri me ngā hekenga mātotoru mahi wera me te kore e ngaro te whai huatanga o te hiri.

Nā tā mātou tīma hangarau tēnei rākau whakatau i whakawhanake mai i ngā mano tini o ngā whakatakotoranga a te kaihoko e tukatukahia ana e mātou i ia tau. Nā te mea ka whakawhāitihia e ia peka te kōwhiringa ki te kotahi, ki te rua rānei ngā tauira, he tere ake i te rārangi arowhai rārangi mō ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro mātau.

Rākau Whakatau: Mai i te Taupānga ki te Tauira Papu

Engari i te rārangi arowhai e waru ngā taahiraa, ka whakamahia e tā mātou tīma hangarau he rākau whakatau e wehea ana i runga i ngā taurangi e toru: te akomanga mahi, te huringa kawenga, me ngā āhuatanga taiao. Nā te mea ka whakawhāitihia e ia peka te kōwhiringa papu ki te tauira kotahi, e rua rānei, he tere ake tā mātou rākau whakatau hangarau i te rārangi arowhai rārangi mō ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro mātau:

Peka 1: Akomanga mahi.Ko te tono S1 (tonu) ko S3 rānei (wā poto)? Mena ko S1, me whakatau te papu mō te kawenga wera tonu — ko tā mātou raupapa ABT me T6/T7. Mena ko S3, ka taea e te papu te tu atu ki ngā kawenga tihi teitei ake i te wā hohe — ko tā mātou raupapa PV2R me T7B.

Peka 2: Ōwehenga huringa kawenga.Kei raro iho i te 1.3 (pūmau), 1.3 ki te 3.0 (rerekē), kei runga ake rānei i te 3.0 (ru) te ōwehenga mana tihi-ki-te-toharite? Pūmau: ngā peera me ngā vane paerewa. Taurangi: ngā peera whakapakari me ngā vane bilabian. Ru: ngā peera mahi-taumaha, te kātereti taurite-pēhanga, me te taunakitanga mō te kohikohi.

Peka 3: Taiao.He paerewa taiao ā-ahumahi, ā-moana/waikura, ā-mahana nui rānei? Paerewa: ko tā mātou rauemi paerewa me te kete hiri. Moana: he pou kowiri tira, he hiri FKM, he tiwhikete CCS/DNV/ABS/BV/LR. Pāmahana nui: ngā ātete mowhiti cam tīmatanga-makariri mō ngā hiri FKM pāmahana-tiketike i raro i te kore, me ngā pēhanga kua heke te kaha mō te mahi i runga ake i te 65-tohu.

Mō ngā kaihoko e hiahia ana ki te āwhina ki te tirotiro i tēnei rākau whakatau, ka whakaratohia e tā mātou tīma hangarau he tautoko kōwhiringa kore utu — tukuna mai ō tawhā tono kaihoko (pēhanga, rere, huringa mahi, taiao, rōpū whakarōpūtanga ūnga) ā, ka tūtohu mātou i te tauira papu motuhake, te waehere nekehanga, me te whirihoranga.Whakapā mai ki tā mātou tīma hangaraumō tētahi pūrongo kōwhiringa papu kua whakaritea.

Whakahaere Wera mō ngā Papu Mahi Tonu

E whakaarohia ana e tā mātou tīma hangarau te whakahaere wera hei take hoahoa taumata-pūnaha, ehara i te mea he take whakatakotoranga papu anake. Nā te mea ka whakaputahia e te papu mahi tonu te wera e rite ana ki tōna ngaronga hiko (tata ki te 10 ki te 15 ōrau o te mana whakauru ka huri hei wera), ko tepuna waiMe hangaia te pouaka whakamatao, me te kōwhiringa wai kia marara tonu ai te wera me te kore e neke ake i ngā rohe pāmahana wai.

Te rahi o te puna kaukau.Ko tā mātou taunakitanga paerewa he 3 ki te 5 ngā wā o te paputere rereia meneti mō te rōrahi o te puna wai. Nā te mea ko te puna wai te mata tuatahi e marara ai te wera, ka tere te pikinga o te pāmahana o te puna wai iti — ka eke te papu 100 rita/meneti me te puna wai 200-rita ki te taurite pāmahana i te 20 ki te 30 nekehanga i runga ake i te taiao, ko te puna wai 400-rita ia ka whakawhāiti i te pikinga ki te 10 ki te 15 nekehanga i runga ake i te taiao.

Kōwhiringa mātao ake.Mō ngā tono mahi tonu neke atu i te 30 kW te mana whakauru, ka tūtohu mātou i tētahi pouaka whakamatao hinu-ki-te-hau, hinu-ki-te-wai rānei hei whakamarara i te kawenga wera katoa o te pūnaha. Ka whakaratohia e tā mātou tīma hangarau ngā tataunga rahi o te pouaka whakamatao i runga i te pai o te papu, te mana motuka, me te pāmahana taiao mō ia tono.

Te whakahaere i te matotoru o te wai.Nā te mea ka heke tere te matotoru o te wai i te pāmahana, me noho tonu te matotoru mahi i te tomokanga papu ki runga ake i te iti rawa e hiahiatia ana mō te hiri o te vane (ko te tikanga he 10 cSt mō ā mātou papu vane). Ka tuhia e tā mātou tīma hangarau te kōpiko matotoru-pāmahana mō te taumata wai kua tohua, ā, ka manatoko kei te noho tonu te matotoru tomokanga ki runga ake i te 10 cSt i te pāmahana mahi mōrahi e tumanakohia ana.

Ngā Ine Pono: MTBF me te Matapae mō te Ora o te Kakahu

E whai ana tā mātou tīma hangarau ponote wā toharite i waenga i ngā rahunga(MTBF) me ngā matapae mō te roa o te mau o te papu puta noa i tā mātou turanga papu 80,000+ kua tāutahia. Nā te mea i ahu mai ēnei raraunga i ngā taiao whakaputa tūturu — ehara i te mea i ngā whakamātautau tere-ora taiwhanga — ka whakaratohia ki ngā kaihoko he tumanakohanga pono mō te roa o te papu mahi tonu.

Ko tā mātou raupapa PV2R i roto i te mahi tonu-kawenga pumau ka tutuki i te MTBF o te 12,000 ki te 15,000 hāora mahi. Ko tā mātou raupapa T6/T7 i roto i te mahi tonu-kawenga taurangi ka tutuki i te 8,000 ki te 12,000 hāora. Ko tā mātou raupapa ABT i roto i ngā tono kawenga-ru ka tutuki i te 6,000 ki te 10,000 hāora. E whakaaro ana ēnei tauISO 4406te ma o te wai akomanga 16/14/11 me ngā pāmahana whakahaere i raro i te 65 nekehanga Celsius. Nā te mea ko te poke o te wai me te pāmahana nui ngā tino take e rua o te pakaru wawe o te papu, ka whakaratohia e tā mātou tīma hangarau he taunakitanga mō te aroturuki poke me te aroturuki pāmahana mō ia tāutanga papu mahi tonu.

E whakamahi ana tā mātou tauira matapae mō te roa o te mau i teStribeckte kōpiko mō te roa o te oranga o te peera, te whārite Archard mō te kakahu o te pito vane, me te rohenga pēhanga-tere (PV) mō te kakahu o te mata o te mowhiti cam. Nā te mea kua whakatauritea ēnei tauira ki ā mātou raraunga rahunga mara, ka whakaratohia he matapae pono mō te wā whakakapinga e tumanakohia ana o ngā taonga kakahu. Ka whakahaerehia e tā mātou tīma hangarau ēnei tauira mō ia tono mahi tonu, ā, ka whakaratohia he pūrongo matapae mō te roa o te kakahu ki te kaihoko.

Kei te wātea tā mātou tīma hangarau i Ningbo ki te matapaki i tāu tono mahi tonu, me te taunaki i te tauira papu tino pai, te whirihoranga, me te huarahi whakahaere wera. Whakapā mai mā roto i tā mātouwhārangi tautoko hangaraumō tētahi pūrongo kōwhiringa papu kua whakaritea.

Ka tautoko kore utu tā mātou tīma hangarau o Ningbo i te whiriwhiri papu mō ngā tono mahi tonu. Tukuna mai ō tawhā whakahaere — te pēhanga, te rere, te huringa mahi, te taiao — ā, ka tūtohu mātou i te tauira papu motuhake, te waehere nekehanga, me te whirihoranga whakahaere wera mō tō pūnaha. Ko te wā arahi whakaputa he 25 ki te 35 rā mō ngā whirihoranga paerewa, me ngā taonga kei roto i te taonga ka tukuna i roto i te 3 ki te 7 rā.

Kei te rite tā mātou tīma Ningbo ki te tautoko i tāu whiringa papu mahi tonu me ngā whakatakotoranga hangarau me ngā wā tuku.