Yini Okufanele Abathengi Bomhlaba Wonke Bayihlole Lapho Bethola Ama-Hydraulic Pump Cartridges Evela EShayina?

• Ukuhambisana kubaluleke kakhulu kunokubukeka lapho uthenga i-hydraulic pump cartridge.
• Ubufakazi bokuhlola, hhayi izimangalo zokuthengisa, kufanele bufakazele ukusebenza kwengcindezi, ukugeleza, kanye nokusebenza kahle.
• Abathengi bomhlaba wonke kufanele bahlole amazinga, ukulandeleka, kanye nokusekelwa kwangemva kokuthengisa ngaphambi kokuvunyelwa.
• Kumaphrojekthi okushintsha, ukufanisa uchungechunge kanye nesikhathi sokuhola kungabalulekile njengentengo.

Abathengi bomhlaba wonke abathenga i-hydraulic pump cartridge, i-hydraulic cartridge yaseShayina, noma umhlinzeki we-cartridge kufanele bahlole ukulingana, ukusebenza, kanye nokulandelela ndawonye, ​​ngoba ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-hydraulic kuhlangana ngokushesha emishinini yangempela. Ukuze kubhekwe, i-ISO 4406 ichaza amakhodi okuhlanzeka koketshezi lwe-hydraulic, futhi izinhlelo eziningi ze-hydraulic zezimboni zihlose ukulawulwa kokungcola emazingeni afana no-18/16/13 noma ngaphezulu kuye ngokuzwela kwezingxenye. Lokho kubalulekile ngoba i-cartridge ene-marginal internal clearance ingalahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokwehluleka kokuqala okubonakalayo. Uma ushintsha i-cartridge yesistimu ehambisana ne-Vickers, Denison, Yuken, Tokimec, noma i-Rexroth, umbuzo ofanele awugcini nje ngokuthi “Ingabe ingangena?” kodwa nokuthi “Ingabe ingagcina ukusebenza kwayo okulinganiselwe ngaphansi komjikelezo ofanayo womsebenzi?”

Kwabathengi abasebenza ne-imindeni yephampu ye-vane, imihlangano yezimoto ze-hydraulic, futhiizixazululo zokufanisa i-servo, ukuthola ama-cartridge kuyingxenye yesinqumo sesistimu ebanzi. Ezitshalweni eziningi, i-cartridge ikhethwa ukuze ibuyisele isekethe ephelele ye-hydraulic, hhayi nje ukufaka esikhundleni sengxenye egugile. Yingakho umhlinzeki kufanele akwazi ukuchaza ukulawula ukususwa, ukuqeda ubuso, ukulinganisela, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi ngolimi lochungechunge lokuqala lwephampu, ngenkathi futhi enikeza ukulethwa okusheshayo kanye nokuqhubeka kwezingxenye ezisele.

Lokho abathengi okufanele bakuqinisekise kukhatriji yephampu ye-hydraulic evela eShayina

Ukuhlola kokuqala ukulingana kobukhulu nochungechunge lwephampu yomzali, ngoba ikhatriji "esondele" kuphela ngeke ilondoloze ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu okuzinzile. Kumaphampu ekhatriji, izici ezibalulekile zifaka phakathi i-rotor-to-cam ring clearance, i-blade slot geometry, i-thrust plate flatness, kanye ne-port timing. Ukuphambuka okuncane kungadala ukuvuza, umsindo, kanye nokunyuka kokushisa okufinyeza impilo yesivalo. Abathengi kufanele bacele umdwebo, umbono wesigaba esiphambene, kanye nombiko wokuhlola olinganisiwe, hhayi isithombe sekhathalogi nje kuphela.

Ukuhlolwa kwesibili isimo somsebenzi. Ama-cartridge e-hydraulic aziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ngensizakalo eqhubekayo, eqhubekayo, kanye neyokucindezela okuphezulu. I-cartridge esetshenziswa emshinini wokubumba umjovo ingase ibhekane nokucindezela okuphindaphindiwe, kuyilapho umshini ophathwayo njengemishini yezolimo ungabhekana nokudlidliza nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Umhlinzeki kufanele asho ububanzi bokucindezela obuhlosiwe, ububanzi besivinini, kanye nefasitela le-viscosity kawoyela, kanye nezinga lokuhlunga elinconywayo. Uma i-cartridge ihloselwe ukufaka esikhundleni semodeli yokuqala, umhlinzeki kufanele akhombe uchungechunge oluhambisanayo kanye nemikhawulo eqondile yokufaka.

Ukuhlola kwesithathu ukulawula inqubo. Umhlinzeki wekhatriji onamandla kufanele achaze ukuthi izingxenye zishintshwa kanjani ngomshini, zisuswa, zihlanzwe, zihlanganiswe kanjani, futhi zihlolwe kanjani. Ezingxenyeni ze-hydraulic, ukungcola kuvame ukuba yimbangela efihliwe yokwehluleka. I-NIST iphawula ukuthi ukulinganisa kanye nokulandelela kuyisisekelo sezinhlelo zekhwalithi yezimboni, futhi abathengi kufanele balindele ukukala okuphindaphindwayo kunokuqhathaniswa okungabonakali okungahlelekile. Kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe, lokho kusho ukubuza ukuthi umhlinzeki uqinisekisa kanjani usayizi webhore, ukujiya kwe-blade, kanye nokuqina kwendawo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.

Ukuhambisana kwekhatriji yepompo ye-hydraulic: indlela esheshayo yokugwema ukungafani okubizayo

Ukuhambisana kuyisinqumo esibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ama-cartridge okufaka esikhundleni avame ukubukeka eshintshashintshana ngenkathi esahlukile ku-geometry yangaphakathi. Empeleni, indlela ephephile kakhulu ukufanisa i-cartridge nomndeni wephampu kuqala, bese kuqhathaniswa nokusetshenziswa komshini. Uma iyunithi yokuqala ivela ochungechungeni lwe-ABT, T6, T7, V, VQ, V10, V20, PV2R, noma i-SQP, abathengi kufanele baqinisekise imodeli encane eqondile, ukufuduka, kanye nesiqondiso sokujikeleza ngaphambi kokuvuma enye esikhundleni.

Ukuhambisana kufanele futhi kufake ukujula kokukhweza, isikhombimsebenzisi sokushayela, ukubandakanyeka kweshaft, kanye nokuqondanisa kwe-port. Uma noma yikuphi kwalokhu kuhlukile, ukufakwa kungenzeka kodwa ukusebenza kungonakalisa. Isibonelo, i-cartridge ene-displacement efanele kodwa isikhathi sokungena esingalingani singandisa ingozi ye-cavitation nomsindo. Yingakho abathengi abaningi be-B2B bekhetha umhlinzeki onganikeza imephu yokufaka esikhundleni eqondile ngochungechunge, hhayi uhlu lwezingxenye olujwayelekile.

Kubathengi abaqhathanisaikhathalogi yezingxenye ezithathelwa indawongebhili ethile yezinto zokwakha zomshini, indlela ethembeke kakhulu ukuqhathanisa ikhodi yokuqala yephampu, ukusethwa kokucindezela komshini, kanye nesimo samafutha samanje. Ikhatriji ebuyisela ukusebenza endaweni ehlanzekile, engasebenzi kahle ingase yehluleke ekuqaleni komshini wokubumba othwala umthwalo omningi. Ngakho-ke ukuhambisana kuyisinqumo sesistimu, hhayi nje isinqumo senombolo yengxenye.

Indlela yokuhlola umhlinzeki we-hydraulic cartridge waseShayina ngaphezu kwentengo

Intengo iyithuluzi lokuhlola elibuthakathaka ngaphandle kokuthi umhlinzeki angabonisa ikhwalithi ephindaphindwayo kanye nokulungela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Umhlinzeki wekhatriji ozimisele kufanele ahlinzeke ngezitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo, imibiko yokuhlola, kanye nedatha yokuhlola ingcindezi yomndeni oqondiwe. Ekuthengweni kwamanye amazwe, kuyasiza futhi ukubuza ukuthi umhlinzeki unolwazi yini ngokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-OEM, izingxenye ezisele ngemuva kwemakethe, kanye nokuthunyelwa okuphuthumayo kokulungiswa. Lawo makhono amathathu avame ukuhlukanisa umthengisi wezimpahla nomkhiqizi ogxile kubunjiniyela.

Ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ibalulekile ngoba ama-cartridge e-hydraulic asebenza ngaphansi kokuthintana okushelelayo kanye nokulayisha okujikelezayo. Abathengi kufanele babuze ngokukhethwa kwe-alloy, ukwelashwa kokushisa, kanye nezinhloso zokuqina kwe-rotor, ama-blade, kanye nezindawo ze-cam ring. Uma umhlinzeki engakwazi ukuchaza ukuthi ukumelana nokuguguleka kulawulwa kanjani, ingxenye ingase ingabizi kodwa ingazinzile ekusetshenzisweni. Umqondo ofanayo usebenza ekuqedeni kwendawo: ukuqeda okubi kungandisa ukungqubuzana, ukushisa, kanye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi noma ngabe ubukhulu bubukeka buyamukeleka.

Ukulandelela kungenye iphuzu elingaxoxiswana ngalo. Abathengi kufanele bacele izinombolo zezindawo, amarekhodi okuhlola, kanye namarekhodi okuhlola axhunywe emabhokisini athunyelwe. Ezinhlelweni ezilawulwayo noma ezibalulekile, lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuxuba izingxenye zeprototype nezingxenye zokukhiqiza. Ezinkampanini ezithola ikhatriji yesitshalo esibheka ukuguquka okusheshayo, kufanelekile futhi ukuhlola ukuthi umhlinzeki anganikeza yini.ukwesekwa kokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nemibhalo yekhwalithingesiNgisi.

Idatha yokusebenza abathengi okufanele bayicele ekuhlolweni kwekhatriji yepompo ye-hydraulic

Ubufakazi bokusebenza buyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ekungahambelani okufihliwe ngoba i-hydraulic cartridge ingadlula ekuhlolweni okubonakalayo futhi iqhubeke nokusebenza kahle. Abathengi kufanele bacele ukugeleza, ingcindezi, ukuvuza, umsindo, kanye nedatha yokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa endaweni yokusebenza ehlosiwe. Le miphumela kufanele iqoshwe ngaphansi kohlobo lukawoyela olushiwo kanye nesimo sokuhlola, ngaphandle kwalokho izinombolo kunzima ukuziqhathanisa.

Esinye isibonakaliso esiwusizo ukuhlanzeka kanye nesiyalo sokulinganisa. I-ISO 4406 isebenzisa ikhodi yezinombolo ezintathu ukuchaza ukungcoliswa kwezinhlayiya kuketshezi lwe-hydraulic, yingakho idatha yokuhlola ngaphandle komongo wokuhlunga ingadukisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ISO 4401 kanye nezindinganiso ze-hydraulic interface ezihlobene nazo zisiza ukulawula ukuhambisana kokufakwa ekwakhiweni kwe-valve kanye nohlelo, kodwa abathengi be-cartridge basadinga ukulawulwa kobukhulu bezinga lomndeni ukuqinisekisa ukushintshana kwangempela. Ngokwemibandela yokuthenga okusebenzayo, uma umhlinzeki engakwazi ukukutshela ukuthi yini elinganisiwe, ngasiphi ingcindezi, kanye nokuthi ngasiphi izinga lokuhlanzeka kwamafutha, umphumela wokuhlolwa kufanele uphathwe ngokucophelela.

Kumafektri athuthukisa izinhlelo ezindala, umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu uvame ukuba ukuthi i-cartridge entsha inganciphisa yini umsindo, ukushisa, kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla. Ezinhlelweni eziningi zezimboni, isixazululo se-servo noma se-variable-displacement hydraulic esifanelana kahle singanciphisa amandla alahlekile uma kuqhathaniswa nokusethwa komkhiqizo ohleliwe ohlala uvuliwe, kodwa inzuzo yangempela incike kuphrofayili yomjikelezo kanye nesimo somshini. Ngokusho kwesiqondiso soMnyango Wezamandla wase-US mayelana nezinhlelo zezimoto zezimboni, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kwezinga lesistimu kuvame ukuvela ekulinganisweni okulungile kanye nokwenza ngcono ukulawula kunokuba kube ngokushintshwa kwengxenye kuphela. Leso simiso sisebenza ngqo kuma-cartridge e-hydraulic.

Uma izingxenye ezithathelwanayo kanye nabaphakeli bekhatriji bebaluleke kakhulu kunezimpompi ezintsha

Ukuthola okunye esikhundleni senye indlela eshesha kakhulu yokubuyisela umkhiqizo ngoba imishini eminingi ayidingi ukushintshwa kwephampu ephelele. Emishinini yakudala, ikhatriji ivame ukuba yinto egugile enquma ukuthi umshini ungaqhubeka yini nokusebenza. Lokho kubaluleke kakhulu kumafektri asebenzisa imishini emidala engenisiwe, lapho iphampu yokuqala ye-OEM ingase ingatholakali noma ibize kakhulu ukushintshwa njengokuhlanganiswa okuphelele.

Isu lokulungisa elisekelwe ku-cartridge lisebenza kahle kakhulu uma umhlinzeki eqonda umndeni womklamo wokuqala futhi enganikeza ukunikezwa kwezingxenye ezisele okuqhubekayo. Abathengi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi umhlinzeki angakwazi yini ukusekela hhayi isampula eyodwa kuphela kodwa futhi aphinde ama-oda anemidwebo efanayo kanye nezinga lokuhlola. Emigqeni yokukhiqiza, ukuvumelana phakathi kwamaqoqo kubaluleke kakhulu kunentengo ephansi yesikhathi esisodwa. Uma ukushintshwa kungokwentambo ebalulekile, buza ukuthi umhlinzeki angakwazi yini ukusekela ukuthunyelwa okuphuthumayo, ukulandelelwa okuhleliwe, kanye nesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe ngemuva kokulethwa.

Ezinkampanini ezidinga ukuqhubeka kwezingxenye, kungasiza ekutholeni nge-uhlelo lwezimoto nezingxenyenoma ikhasi lezingxenye ezisele elizinikele esikhundleni sekhathalogi ejwayelekile. Leyo ndlela inciphisa ingozi yoku-oda i-cartridge efana ngokubonakalayo kodwa engahambisani nokusebenza. Kwenza kube lula futhi ukuvumelanisa ukuthengwa nempahla yokugcina, okubalulekile lapho izindleko zesikhathi sokungasebenzi zidlula izindleko zezingxenye ngenani elikhulu.

Ukukhetha i-hydraulic cartridge yokubumba nge-injection, imishini yezolimo, kanye nemishini yokwakha

Umongo wohlelo lokusebenza ushintsha ukukhetha okufanele kwekhatriji ngoba umndeni ngamunye womshini ugcizelela isekethe ye-hydraulic ngendlela ehlukile. Imishini yokubumba umjovo idinga ukulawulwa kwengcindezi okuphindaphindwayo, ukuvuza okuphansi, kanye nokuphendula okuzinzile ngaphansi kwezinguquko zomjikelezo osheshayo. Imishini yezolimo ibeka phambili ukumelana nokudlidliza, ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa, kanye nokulungiswa kwensimu. Imishini yokwakha imvamisa idinga ukubekezelela okunamandla kokungcola, imithwalo yokushaqeka, kanye nemijikelezo yomsebenzi eshintshashintshayo.

Ekubunjweni komjovo, i-cartridge engalungile ingabonakala njengokucindezela kokubopha okungazinzile, impendulo ehamba kancane, noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu likawoyela. Emishinini ehambayo, i-cartridge efanayo ingasinda ngomshini kodwa ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezinothuli noma ezishisayo. Yingakho abathengi kufanele bachaze njalo uhlelo lokusebenza, hhayi inombolo yengxenye kuphela, lapho becela ikhotheshini. Uma umhlinzeki enomongo omningi, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi isincomo sibe nembambo enembile.

Uma iphrojekthi iwukulungiswa kwe-servo, umthengi kufanele futhi ahlole uhlelo oluphelele, okuhlanganisa nokulawula imoto kanye nokulinganisa iphampu. Uhlelo lwe-hydraulic oluhambisana kahle lunganciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza esingadingekile kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa, ikakhulukazi emishinini enamaphrofayili omthwalo aguquguqukayo. Abathengi abahlola lowo mzila kufanele babuyekeze umhlinzekiiphothifoliyo yesistimu ye-servoeceleni kwenketho yekhatriji, ngoba ingxenye ebiza kancane kungenzeka ingabi uhlelo olubiza kancane.

1. Khomba uhlobo lomshini kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi.
2. Qinisekisa uchungechunge lokuqala lwephampu kanye nekhodi encane.
3. Hlola izidingo zokucindezela, isivinini, kanye nokuhlanzeka.
4. Cela imidwebo, idatha yokuhlola, kanye namarekhodi okulandelela.
5. Vuma isampula kuphela ngemva kokuhlolwa kokufaneleka nokusebenza.

Abathengi bezindinganiso kanye nedatha okufanele babhekisele kuyo ngaphambi kokufaka i-oda lokuthenga

Izindinganiso zisiza abathengi ukuguqula isimangalo sekhathalogi esingacacile sibe yisidingo sokuthenga esingahlolwa. I-ISO 4406 isetshenziswa kabanzi ekubhaleni ikhodi yokuhlanzeka koketshezi, kuyilapho i-ISO 4413 inikeza imithetho ejwayelekile kanye nezidingo zokuphepha zezinhlelo zamandla kagesi we-hydraulic fluid. Abathengi akudingeki bacaphune yonke imibandela, kodwa kufanele basebenzise izindinganiso njengohlu lokuhlola lapho beqhathanisa abahlinzeki. Uma umhlinzeki esevele esebenza namakhasimende aphesheya, kufanele bakhululeke ukuxoxa ngalezi zinkomba ngendlela engokoqobo.

Izindinganiso zokulinganisa nazo zibalulekile ngoba ukuthengwa kwekhatriji kuthembekile kuphela njengendlela yokuhlola esetshenzisiwe ukuyivuma. I-NIST igcizelela ukulandeleka kanye nokulinganisa okuthembekile njengomgogodla wekhwalithi yezimboni. Kubathengi, lokho kusho ukuthi ukubekezelelana kufanele kulinganiswe, hhayi ukuqagelwa, futhi ubukhulu obubalulekile kufanele buqoshwe ngegama lethuluzi noma isimo sokulinganisa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kutholakala izingxenye zokuthumela ngaphandle, lapho amaqoqo enqatshiwe angadala ukubambezeleka kwamasiko kanye nokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza.

Abanye abathengi babuza nangokuhambisana nolimi lokuklama lwe-OEM yokuqala, ikakhulukazi lapho kufakwa esikhundleni sezingxenye zomkhiqizo. Kulezo zimo, umhlinzeki ongcono kakhulu akuyena othembisa kakhulu, kodwa yilowo ongabonisa ukuthi ukufakwa esikhundleni kwaqinisekiswa kanjani. Uma i-cartridge ihloselwe uhlelo lokusebenza olunomfutho ophezulu noma olunembile kakhulu, i-pressure curve, i-leaking curve, kanye nerekhodi lokuhlola i-batch kukholisa kakhulu kunezimangalo ezijwayelekile zokumaketha.

Amaphutha avamile awenziwa abathengi bomhlaba wonke lapho bethenga amakhatriji epompo ye-hydraulic

Iphutha elivame kakhulu ukuthenga ngokubukeka esikhundleni sochungechunge lwephampu nesimo sokusebenza. Ikhatriji ingabukeka ifana kakhulu kodwa iqhubeke nokwehluleka ngenxa yokwehluka okuncane kwejiyometri okushintsha ukuvuza noma isikhathi. Iphutha lesibili ukwehluleka ukucela idatha yokuhlola esimweni esifanele sokucindezela kanye namafutha. Iphutha lesithathu ukungayinaki i-contact control ngesikhathi sokugcina nokufaka, okungalimaza ingxenye enhle ngaphambi kokuba umshini uqale.

Elinye iphutha elivamile ukucabanga ukuthi umhlinzeki oshibhile kakhulu uzoba osheshayo ekusekelweni ngemuva kokuthengisa. Kumaphrojekthi okufaka esikhundleni, ikhono lomhlinzeki lokuphendula imibuzo yobuchwepheshe, ukunikeza imidwebo, nokuthumela izingxenye ezisele ngokushesha lingaba yigugu kakhulu kunesaphulelo esincane sentengo yeyunithi. Abathengi kufanele futhi bagweme ukufaka i-oda elikhulu ngaphambi kokugijima ngempumelelo kokuhlola. Ukuhlolwa kwesampula encane kuvame ukwanele ukwembula izinkinga zokufaneleka, umsindo, kanye nokushisa.

Kumaqembu okuthenga aphatha amapulatifomu amaningi emishini, kuyasiza ukwakha umtapo wolwazi ohlanganisa izinkomba ngomndeni wephampu nohlobo lomshini. Lowo mtapo wolwazi kufanele ufake ikhodi yokuqala, ikhodi yokufaka esikhundleni, amanothi okufaka, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zasensimini ezibonwe ngesikhathi sokulungiswa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lelo rekhodi liba yigugu kakhulu kunanoma yisiphi isisho esisodwa.

1. Ungavumi i-cartridge ngaphandle kwekhodi yephampu yomzali.
2. Ungayeki ukucindezela nokuqinisekiswa kokuvuza.
3. Ungakushayi indiva ukulawula ukungcola ngesikhathi sokuphatha.
4. Ungathembeli kuphela ezithombeni noma kubukhulu besampula.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa mayelana nokuthola i-hydraulic pump cartridge evela eShayina

Yikuphi ukuhlola okubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthenga i-hydraulic pump cartridge?

Ukuhlola okubaluleke kakhulu ukuhambisana kahle nomndeni wephampu yokuqala kanye nesimo somsebenzi. Ukufana kobukhulu kukodwa akwanele.

Ngingahlulela kanjani umhlinzeki wekhatriji ye-hydraulic waseShayina?

Hlulela umhlinzeki ngokulawula, ukulandeleka kwezinto, amarekhodi okuhlola, imibhalo yokuthumela ngaphandle, kanye nekhono lokusekela ama-oda aphindaphindwayo.

Ingabe kufanele ngicele idatha yokuhlolwa kwengcindezi?

Yebo. Idatha yokuhlolwa kwengcindezi, imiphumela yokuvuza, kanye nolwazi lokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kubalulekile ekuqhathaniseni ukusebenza kwangempela.

Kungani ukuhlanzeka kwamafutha kubaluleke kangaka?

Ngoba ukungcola okuncane kusheshisa ukuguguleka ezingxenyeni ze-hydraulic ezivulekile kahle, futhi amakhodi okuhlanzeka ayingxenye yokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ye-hydraulic.

Ingabe ikhatriji yokufaka esikhundleni ingcono kunokushintsha iphampu egcwele?

Ngokuvamile yebo, uma i-housing kanye nezinto ze-drive zisasebenza kahle. Ukushintsha i-cartridge kungabuyisela ukusebenza ngokushesha nangezindleko eziphansi.

Yimaphi amadokhumenti okufanele ngiwacele kumhlinzeki wekhatriji?

Cela imidwebo, imibiko yokuhlolwa, idatha yokuhlolwa, amarekhodi ezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nemininingwane yokupakisha ukuze ithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe.

Ingabe ukuthola ama-cartridge kungasekela ukuvuselelwa kokonga amandla kwe-servo?

Yebo, kodwa kuphela uma uhlelo oluphelele lwe-hydraulic lufaniswe kahle. Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwengxenye kukodwa akuqinisekisi ukonga amandla.