Indlela Yokukhetha Umkhiqizi Wephampu Ye-Hydraulic Vane eShayina: Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokuhlolwa Kwemboni Lwango-2026

Kungani u-2026 eshintsha izibalo zokuhlolwa kwezimali - kusukela ekuncintisaneni ngentengo kuya ekuqinisekisweni kanye nokuncintisana okujwayelekile

Imakethe yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-hydraulic vane pump yaseShayina ishintshe kakhulu eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, futhi izinguquko zihlangana no-2026. Ushintsho luvela emncintiswaneni oholwa yintengo, lapho abathengi bebuza khona intengo ephansi kakhulu yeyunithi kuphampu yekhathalogi, kuya emncintiswaneni wesitifiketi nowejwayelekile, lapho abathengi bebuza kuqala ukuthi umenzi uphethe izitifiketi zomphakathi zesigaba esifanele kanye nokubamba iqhaza okufanele kwemboni, bese bebuza ngentengo. Ushintsho luqhutshwa amandla amathathu esakhiwo: abathengi ngokwabo bathuthele uchungechunge lwenani ezinhlelweni zokwenza izinto zasolwandle, ezempi kanye nezezimboni lapho isitifiketi siyadingeka khona; amafektri aseShayina asinda esikhathini sokuhlanganiswa sika-2020 kuya ku-2024 atshale imali ekuqinisekisweni nasekulinganisweni; kanye nezindawo zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe (iYurophu, iNyakatho Melika, i-Australia kanye neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia) ziqinise ukulandelwa kwemithetho yemishini ezingxenyeni ze-hydraulic.

Umphumela ongokoqobo kumthengi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kumele kusebenze ngendlela ehlukile kunohlu lokuhlola lokuhlola lwango-2018 kuya ku-2022. Kuhlu lokuhlola oludala, imibuzo emithathu yokuqala yayiyi: iyini intengo yeyunithi, iyini isikhathi sokuhola, iyini i-MOQ. Kuhlu lokuhlola lwango-2026, imibuzo emithathu yokuqala yile: yiziphi izinhlangano zekilasi umenzi agunyazwe yizo, ingabe umenzi uyiyunithi ephetheyo yenhlangano yokubuyekezwa kwezindinganiso zemboni ye-vane pump, nokuthi iyini ububanzi besitifiketi ngasinye (ngokuqondene nemodeli noma ingubo). Kuphela ngemva kokuba leyo mibuzo emithathu iphendulwe lapho ingxoxo ye-MOQ yesikhathi sokuhola ngentengo iba nenjongo, ngoba umenzi ohlulekayo emithathu yokuqala akayena umuntu omele ukhetho kungakhathaliseki ukuthi intengo ingakanani.

Okwesibili okushiwo ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwezimali kuzibonakalisa ngokwako ukuthi kukhuphuke uchungechunge lwenani. Ifektri engaphumelela ukuhlolwa kwezimali ngo-2018 enomthamo we-nameplate kanye nezitifiketi ezimbalwa ze-ISO izohluleka ukuhlolwa kwezimali ngo-2026 embuzweni we-certification-scope, umbuzo we-standard-presiding-unit, kanye nombuzo wokusetshenziswa kweshejuli yokukhiqiza. Ifektri engaphumelela ukuhlolwa kwezimali ngo-2018 ngokuvakasha efektri kanye nohlu lwamanani izohluleka ukuhlolwa kwezimali ngo-2026 esikhungweni sesitifiketi se-class society, amadokhumenti okuvikela i-IP, kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula ezicelweni zokushintsha kobunjiniyela. Izimboni zaseShayina ezisinde ekuhlanganisweni kuka-2020 kuya ku-2024 futhi zavela ngo-2026 ngencwadi enamandla yokuthumela ngaphandle yizimboni ezitshale imali kuzitifiketi ezifanele, ukubamba iqhaza okufanele ekulinganisweni kwezimali, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kokuphendula kobunjiniyela okufanele. Okunye emakethe kuye kwehliswa.

Uhlu lokuhlola lokuhlola lwemboni olunamaphuzu angu-14 — izimpawu zehadiwe ezingu-7 kanye nezimpawu zesofthiwe ezingu-7

Ukuhlolwa kwefektri ye-vane pump ka-2026 kuhlukana kahle kube yizimpawu eziyi-14 ezingaqinisekiswa, kuhlukaniswe kube yizibonakaliso eziyi-7 zehadiwe ezibonakalayo ohambweni lwefektri kanye nezibonakaliso eziyi-7 zesofthiwe ezibonakalayo kumadokhumenti. Ukuhlukaniswa kubalulekile ngoba izimpawu zehadiwe zingaqinisekiswa ngosuku olulodwa endaweni, kuyilapho izimpawu zesofthiwe ngokuvamile zidinga izinsuku zebhizinisi ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 zokuqoqwa nokuqinisekiswa kwamadokhumenti ngaphambi kohambo lwefektri. Umthengi ofika ohambweni lwefektri engenazo izincwadi zesofthiwe esandleni akakwazi ukuqedela ukuhlolwa ngokuvakasha okukodwa, futhi uzogcina ethatha isinqumo ngezimpawu zehadiwe zodwa, okuyimodi yokuhluleka eveza imiphumela emibi yomhlinzeki.

Izimpawu zehadiwe (H1 kuya ku-H7) zithatha cishe usuku olulodwa olugcwele endaweni futhi zingaqinisekiswa ngohambo lobunjiniyela, uhambo lokukhiqiza kanye nohambo lwesitolo. Izimpawu zesofthiwe (S1 kuya ku-S7) zithatha cishe izinsuku zebhizinisi ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 zokuqoqwa kwamadokhumenti futhi kufanele zicelwe futhi zibuyekezwe ngaphambi kohambo lwefektri ukuze noma yikuphi ukuvuleka kuvele kusenesikhathi. Umthengi ofika efektri engenazo izincwadi zesofthiwe esandleni wenza ukuhlolwa ngendlela engafanele, futhi ngokuvamile uzokwenza isinqumo sehadiwe kuphela esiphuthelwa yizitifiketi, i-IP kanye nezikhala zenkontileka ebezizosusa umenzi esigabeni sokubuyekezwa kwamadokhumenti.

Uhlu lokuhlola olunamaphuzu angu-14 alulona ukuhlolwa kokuhluleka komkhiqizi oyedwa; luwuhlaka lokuqhathanisa phakathi kwabakhiqizi abango-3 kuya kwaba-5 abango-5. Umthengi usebenzisa izimpawu ezifanayo ezingu-14 ngokumelene nomuntu ngamunye ongo-3, athole isignali ngayinye ngendlela elula yokuphasa/ukuhluleka, kanti umenzi onenani eliphakeme kakhulu lezibonakaliso kanye nezimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokwecebo (ngokuvamile umphakathi wekilasi le-S1 kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-IP ye-S2) nguye oqhubekela phambili ku-oda lesampula. Umuntu ohluleka izimpawu ezingu-3 noma ngaphezulu uvame ukususwa ohlwini olufushane kungakhathaliseki intengo noma inzuzo yesikhathi sokuhola, ngoba izindleko ezifihliwe zezimpawu ezihlulekile ziyavela ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhiqiza.

Izitifiketi ezibalulekile ngempela — i-CCS, i-DNV, i-ABS, i-BV kanye ne-LR, nokuthi kusho ukuthini ngempela ububanzi besitifiketi

Isitifiketi senhlangano yekilasi yisona sibonakaliso esibiza kakhulu ukuqinisekisa futhi yisona sibonakaliso esibiza kakhulu ukuqamba amanga, yingakho siphezulu ohlwini lokuhlola lokuhlolwa lwango-2026. Izinhlangano zekilasi ezinhlanu ezibalulekile kumaphampu e-hydraulic vane ezinhlelweni zasolwandle nasolwandle yi-CCS (China Classification Society), i-DNV (Det Norske Veritas, eNorway), i-ABS (i-American Bureau of Shipping), i-BV (i-Bureau Veritas, eFrance) kanye ne-LR (i-Lloyd's Register, e-UK). Umkhiqizi ophethe zonke ezinhlanu uphezulu kakhulu kwiphiramidi yesitifiketi sephampu ye-vane yaseShayina. Umkhiqizi ophethe eyodwa noma ezimbili usezingeni eliphakathi. Umkhiqizi ongenayo ukhishwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ezinhlelweni zasolwandle nasolwandle, futhi ukhawulelwe ezinhlelweni zezimboni nezemishini yeselula.

Umbuzo wezinga elilandelayo, futhi lowo abathengi abaningi abawugwemayo, ububanzi besitifiketi. Izitifiketi zenhlangano yekilasi ziza ngezikophu ezimbili: ububanzi be-blanket (isitifiketi simboza ububanzi bomkhiqizo ojwayelekile womkhiqizi, ngokuvamile ngochungechunge lwemodeli olubhalwe njengommeleli) kanye nobubanzi obuthile bemodeli (isitifiketi sisho ngokusobala imodeli ethile yephampu ethengwayo). Nge-oda lesampula kanye neqoqo lokuqala lokukhiqiza, isitifiketi se-blanket-scope ngokuvamile sanele ngoba umhloli wenhlangano yekilasi uzovakashela umugqa futhi abone ukuhlolwa kwesihloko sokuqala. Esivumelwaneni sokuhlinzeka seminyaka eminingi, ububanzi obuthile bemodeli buyimfuneko efanele ngoba buphoqa inhlangano yekilasi ukuthi igcine ifayela elizinikele kuphampu ethile futhi ihlole umugqa wokukhiqiza ngesikhathi somjikelezo othize wemodeli.

Isibonakaliso sokuhlola siwukucela isitifiketi se-PDF nokufunda isigaba sesilinganiso. Isitifiketi esibala inombolo ethile yemodeli yephampu (T6C, T7B, V20, VQ25, SQP1, PV2R-12, njalo njalo) yisilinganiso esithile semodeli. Isitifiketi esibala uhla lomkhiqizo womkhiqizi ngaphandle kokuqamba imodeli yisilinganiso esibanzi. Umehluko ubalulekile empikiswaneni yewaranti noma ukuhlolwa kwensimu yenhlangano yekilasi, ngoba umenzi uzobanjwa yisilinganiso esithile semodeli uma siqanjwe esitifiketini, kanye nesilinganiso esibanzi uma singekho. Kubathengi abaqhuba uhlelo lwemikhumbi lweminyaka eminingi, incazelo efanele iwukudinga isitifiketi esithile semodeli esivela okungenani enhlanganweni yekilasi eyodwa ngaphambi kweqembu lokuqala lokukhiqiza, kanye nokudinga zonke izinhlangano zekilasi ezinhlanu zingakapheli izinyanga eziyi-12 zokuqala zokukhiqiza.

Isibonakaliso sesithathu sesitifiketi ukubamba iqhaza ekubuyekezweni okujwayelekile. Umkhiqizi oyiyunithi ephetheyo yenhlangano yokubuyekezwa okujwayelekile yemboni ye-vane pump, ngokwencazelo, yinhlangano edweba futhi ibuyekeze indinganiso abanye abakhiqizi abalinganiswa ngayo. E-China, leyo nhlangano yiKomidi Likazwelonke Lobuchwepheshe be-Hydraulics and Pneumatics of the Standardization Administration, kanti iyunithi ephetheyo ingumkhiqizi onesitifiketi sobunjiniyela obukhulu kakhulu kanye nesitifiketi somphakathi esisezingeni eliphezulu kulo lonke uhla lomkhiqizo we-vane pump. Umthengi oqinisekisa isimo seyunithi ephetheyo ngohlu lwamalungu olushicilelwe lwenhlangano yokulinganisa uye waqinisekisa ngempumelelo umkhiqizi ngokumelene nesisindo esiphelele semboni ye-hydraulic yaseShayina. Leso sibonakaliso esisodwa sichitha ingxenye enkulu yohlu lokuhlola lokuhlola ngoba umkhiqizi weyunithi ephetheyo usevele edlulise iningi lamasignali ehadiwe e-H1 kuya ku-H7 kanye neningi lamasignali esofthiwe e-S1 kuya ku-S7 ngenxa yokuma kwawo embonini.

Ukuhlolwa komugqa wokukhiqiza — okufanele ukubheke phansi efektri yephampu ye-vane enemigqa eyi-6

Ukuhlolwa komugqa wokukhiqiza kuyingxenye yokuhlolwa umthengi angayenza ngamehlo akhe futhi kuyingxenye yokuhlolwa evimbela kakhulu ukuqanjwa kabi. Ifektri ethi imigqa yokukhiqiza eyi-6 ezinikele kodwa ayikwazi ukukhombisa imigqa eyi-6 esebenza ngesikhathi sokuvakasha iyahluleka ukuhlolwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izincwajana kanye nekhasi lephrofayili yenkampani lithini. Ukuhlolwa komugqa kuhlukana kube ukuhlolwa okuncane okungu-6, okukodwa ngesigaba sokukhiqiza, futhi umthengi kufanele ahlele cishe imizuzu engama-90 ngomugqa ngamunye ukuze ahambe ngendlela enenjongo. Uhambo lwefektri olunemigqa eyi-6 olunobubanzi obukhulu bokuhlola luthatha cishe amahora ayi-6 kuya kwangu-8 phansi kanye nehora eli-1 kuya kwangu-2 endlini yokugcina impahla kanye nelebhu yokuhlola.

Ukuhlolwa komugqa ngomugqa yilapho ukuhlolwa kushintshela khona kusukela ekubuyekezweni kwedokhumenti kuye ekuqinisekisweni kwasendaweni, futhi yingxenye yokuhlola lapho umthengi kufanele abe nokungabaza kakhulu ngalokho akubonayo uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho akutshelwe. Ifektri ethi isikhathi somjikelezo esishicilelwe semizuzu engu-8 ngepompo ngayinye emgqeni we-T6 kodwa umphathi womugqa akakwazi ukukhiqiza ilogi yesikhathi somjikelezo wesonto eledlule yehluleka isignali yokulawula inqubo ye-H4. Ifektri ethi imigqa yokukhiqiza eyisithupha kodwa enemigqa emithathu kuphela esebenzayo ngesikhathi sokuvakasha yehluleka isignali yokusetshenziswa kwamandla e-H5 kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthamo wepuleti ungakanani ocashunwe ekhasini lephrofayili yenkampani. Ukuhlolwa komugqa kuyisignali yokuhlola ehlukanisa ifektri yangempela nenkampani yokuhweba noma umhlinzeki ongaphansi oqashe isitolo esincane sokuhlanganisa futhi esiveza njengefektri ephelele.

Kumthengi ovakashela ifektri yesitayela seVicks enemigqa eyisithupha yokukhiqiza ezinikele, iphethini yokuhamba ewusizo ukuqala emgqeni wokugaya nowokugaya, ulandele ukugeleza kwezinto ngokwelashwa kokushisa, ukugaya ngokunemba, ukuhlanganiswa kwekhithi ye-cartridge, ukuhlanganiswa kokugcina nokuhlolwa kokusebenza, bese uphela endaweni yokugcina impahla kanye nendawo yokuthumela. Ukuhamba kufanele kubekwe isikhathi esingaba yimizuzu engama-90 ngomugqa ngamunye, lapho umphathi womugqa ehamba eceleni komthengi futhi ephendula imibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ngesigaba ngasinye. Ifektri ezimisele ukunikela amahora ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 esikhathi somugqa kumthengi oqotho yifektri ethatha ukuhlolwa ngokungathi sína; ifektri ephuthuma umthengi ohambweni ngamahora ama-2 yifektri engenzi njalo.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwamandla kanye nesikhathi sokukhokha — indlela yokufunda i-nameplate ngokumelene neshejuli yangempela

Ukuqinisekiswa komthamo kungenye yezimpawu zokuhlola ezivame ukunganakwa futhi enye yezibonakaliso okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ikhiqize isimanga sokukhiqiza ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zesivumelwano sokuhlinzeka. Imakethe yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-vane pump yaseShayina igcwele amafektri abiza umthamo waminyaka yonke we-nameplate (ngokuvamile amayunithi angu-80,000 kuya ku-120,000) okuphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kunomkhiqizo wangempela wokukhiqiza. Ukunqamuka phakathi kwe-nameplate ne-real kuqhutshwa yizici ezintathu: umugqa wenzelwe umthamo we-nameplate kodwa awusebenzi ngokugcwele; i-nameplate ifaka umthamo wemigqa yomkhiqizo engasasebenzi; noma umenzi uyinkampani yokuhweba ecaphuna umthamo we-foundry eyisisekelo njengeyayo. Kunoma yiziphi izimo ezintathu, umthengi othembele enombolweni ye-nameplate ekuhleleni ukuhlinzeka uzothola igebe ekukhuphukeni kokuqala kokukhiqiza.

Uhlaka lokuqinisekisa ukucela amadokhumenti amathathu nokuqhathanisa amathathu komunye nomunye. Idokhumenti yokuqala yirekhodi lezinyanga eziyi-12 ezedlule lamarekhodi okumemezela ukuthumela ngaphandle noma isifinyezo sama-invoyisi e-VAT, esibonisa ivolumu yangempela yokuthunyelwa ngenyanga. Idokhumenti yesibili yishejuli yokukhiqiza yezinyanga eziyisithupha ezedlule, ekhombisa ukuthi umugqa wawusebenza ngokugcwele yini nokuthi ingxube yokukhiqiza iyafana yini nobubanzi bomkhiqizo oshicilelwe. Idokhumenti yesithathu yisikhathi somjikelezo oshicilelwe ngochungechunge ngalunye lwephampu, esivumela umthengi ukubala umthamo wethiyori kusukela ekubalweni kwekhanda lomugqa kanye nenani lemishini. Ifektri ekhombisa amarekhodi okuthumela ngaphandle ahambisana neshejuli yokukhiqiza kanye nekhono lethiyori iyifektri yangempela kumthamo oshicilelwe. Ifektri ekhombisa ukungalingani (amarekhodi okuthumela ngaphandle ngaphansi kweshejuli yokukhiqiza, noma ishejuli yokukhiqiza ngaphansi kwamandla ethiyori) ikhombisa igebe lokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Umgomo wokuphumelela kokuhlolwa kwango-2026 ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwamaphesenti angama-60 kuya kwangama-90 omthamo wepuleti legama. Ifektri esebenzisa amaphesenti angama-60 okusetshenziswa inendawo yokumunca ukwanda kwe-oda lomthengi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa amakhasimende akhona; ifektri esebenzisa amaphesenti angama-90 okusetshenziswa inendawo yokukhiqiza yokuguqula umthamo wepuleti legama libe umkhiqizo wangempela kodwa inendawo encane kakhulu yokumunca; ifektri esebenzisa amaphesenti ayi-100 okusetshenziswa ikhiqiza okuphezulu kakhulu kwepuleti legama, okusho ukuthi ukwanda kwe-oda lomthengi kufanele kususe elinye ikhasimende noma kulinde ukwanda komthamo. Ifektri esebenzisa amaphesenti angama-30 okusetshenziswa ikhombisa ukuthi ipuleti legama licashunwe ngokweqile futhi umthamo wangempela useduze nenani eliphansi, okusho ukuthi umthengi akakwazi ukuthembela kupuleti legama ngezinjongo zokuhlela ukuhlinzekwa.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwesikhathi sokuhola kulandela iphethini efanayo. Umthengi kufanele acele isikhathi sokuhola esishicilelwe samaphampu ekhathalogi (T6C, T7B, V20, VQ25, SQP1) kanye namaphampu enziwe ngokwezifiso (iyunithi yokucindezela okuphezulu kakhulu engu-35 MPa, isibonelo), futhi kufanele acele ukudalulwa kwamanje kwe-backlog. Ifektri eshicilela isikhathi sokuhola sezinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-20 zokusebenza zamaphampu ekhathalogi kanye nesikhathi sokuhola sezinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwezingu-45 zokusebenza zamaphampu enziwe ngokwezifiso, futhi edalula i-backlog yamanje emavikini ekhalenda, ifektri esebenza ngesheduli yangempela yokukhiqiza. Ifektri eshicilela isikhathi sokuhola sezinsuku ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-10 zokusebenza zamaphampu ekhathalogi kanye nawenziwe ngokwezifiso ibonisa ukuthi isigaba sokuklama siqhutshwa phambili ku-PO esemthethweni noma ukuthi isheduli yokukhiqiza ichazwa kabi. Isikhathi esincane sangempela sokuhola sephampu ye-vane eyenziwe ngokwezifiso yizinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwezingu-45 zokusebenza ngoba ithimba lobunjiniyela kufanele liklame ikhithi ye-cartridge, lithole ama-bearings akhethekile futhi lenze ukuhlolwa kwe-prototype, futhi noma yisiphi isikhathi sokuhola esifushane esishicilelwe siyifulegi elibomvu.

Izimpawu zokuthembana abathengi abaziboni — izimpawu ezine ezihlukanisa ifektri yangempela nenkampani yokuhweba

Izimpawu ezine zokuthembela abathengi abavame ukuziphuthelwa yizo futhi izimpawu ezine ezihlukanisa kahle ifektri yangempela nenkampani yokuhweba noma umhlinzeki ongaphansi. Esokuqala yisimo seyunithi ephethe kahle sendikimba yokubuyekezwa okujwayelekile kwemboni yepompo ye-vane. Iyunithi ephethe ingumkhiqizi onobubanzi obukhulu bobunjiniyela kanye nesitifiketi somphakathi sekilasi elikhulu kulo lonke uhla lomkhiqizo wepompo ye-vane, futhi ngumkhiqizi amanye amafektri epompo ye-vane yaseShayina alinganiswa ngawo lapho ebhida ohlelweni lwepompo yasolwandle oluqinisekiswe yikilasi. Esesibili yisilinganiso sesitifiketi somphakathi sekilasi esihambisana nemodeli ethile yepompo ethengwayo. Isitifiketi se-blanket-scope siyisibonakaliso sefektri ephakathi nendawo; isilinganiso semodeli ethile siyisibonakaliso sefektri ephezulu. Esesithathu ukusetshenziswa kweshejuli yokukhiqiza ngokumelene nomthamo we-nameplate. Ifektri esebenza ngamaphesenti angama-60 kuya kwangu-90 okusetshenziswa ikhiqiza ngamandla ashicilelwe; ifektri esebenza ngamaphesenti angama-30 okusetshenziswa ibiza kakhulu. Esesine yi-balance sheet fixed asset line. Ifektri enezimpahla ezihleliwe ezinenjongo (imishini yokukhiqiza, ifektri, izimoto) ifektri; ifektri enezimpahla ezingaguquki ezingabalulekile iyinkampani yokuhweba.

Isimo seyunithi ephethe singaqinisekiswa ngeKomidi Likazwelonke Lobuchwepheshe be-Hydraulics and Pneumatics le-Standardization Administration of China, elishicilela uhlu lwamalungu ekomidi ku-inthanethi. Umthengi oqinisekisa isimo seyunithi ephethe ngohlu lwamalungu olushicilelwe uqinisekise ngempumelelo umenzi ngokumelene nesisindo esiphelele semboni ye-hydraulic yaseShayina. Ukuqinisekiswa kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 ku-inthanethi futhi kusindisa umthengi ekwenzeni okunye ukuhlolwa komkhiqizi okuvele ukuthi akuyona ifektri yangempela. Ububanzi besitifiketi senhlangano yekilasi buqinisekiswa kusukela ku-PDF yesitifiketi uqobo, etholakala esidlangalaleni kuwebhusayithi yenhlangano yekilasi ngayinye ngaphansi kwethuluzi lokuhlola isitifiketi somenzi. Ukusetshenziswa kweshejuli yokukhiqiza kungaqinisekiswa kusukela kudokhumenti yeshejuli yokukhiqiza umthengi ayicela njengengxenye yamadokhumenti esofthiwe ngaphambi kohambo lwefektri. Umugqa wempahla ehleliwe ungaqinisekiswa kusukela ku-balance sheet ehloliwe, etholakala esidlangalaleni kunoma iyiphi inkampani yezikweletu ezilinganiselwe zaseShayina ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwesikweletu sebhizinisi lwe-State Administration for Market Regulation.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezibonakaliso ezine yikho okwenza ukuqinisekiswa kwesibonakaliso sokuthembana kusebenze kahle. Ifektri ehlulekayo kwesinye sezibonakaliso ezine ingumuntu odinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe. Ifektri ehlulekayo ezimbili kwezibonakaliso ezine ingumuntu ofanele ukususwa ohlwini olufingqiwe. Ifektri ehlulekayo ezintathu noma ezine kwezibonakaliso ezine ayiyona umuntu ofanele ukukhethwa futhi umthengi akufanele achithe isikhathi esengeziwe sokuhlola. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezibonakaliso nakho kuyasiza njengesihlungi esihle: ifektri edlula zonke izimpawu ezine ingumuntu ofanele ukuthengwa umthengi angaqhuba ukuhlolwa okusheshayo, kanti okunye kohlu lokuhlola lwamaphuzu angu-14 kuncishisiwe kube ukuhlolwa okuqondile kunokuqinisekiswa okugcwele. Kwabathengi abaningi abasebenzisa uhlelo lokuthola i-vane pump luka-2026, izimpawu zokuthembana ezine ziwa cishe ingxenye yesikhathi sokuhlola ngokususa abantu abafanele ukukhethwa kusenesikhathi nangokusheshisa abantu abafanele ukukhethwa.

Kubathengi abahlola umenzi oqokiwe ngokumelene nalezi zimpawu ezine, uhlelo olusebenzayo luwukuqinisekisa kuqala isimo seyunithi ephethe ngewebhusayithi yenhlangano esezingeni (imizuzu eyi-10), bese kuqinisekiswa ububanzi besitifiketi senhlangano yekilasi ngewebhusayithi yenhlangano yekilasi (imizuzu engama-30 ngenhlangano ngayinye), bese kubuyekezwa ukusetshenziswa kweshejuli yokukhiqiza ngedokhumenti yomenzi uqobo (ihora eli-1 kuya kwangama-2 lokubuyekezwa kwedokhumenti), bese kubuyekezwa umugqa wempahla ehleliwe ngesistimu yesikweletu sebhizinisi le-State Administration for Market Regulation (imizuzu engama-30). Isikhathi sokuqinisekisa esiphelele singamahora ama-4, okuyinto encane uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko zokukhetha umhlinzeki ongalungile. Umthengi oweqa lokhu kuqinisekiswa kwamahora ama-4 futhi athembele ebhukwini kanye nohlu lwamanani uthatha amathuba angama-30 kuya kwangama-50% okukhetha inkampani yokuhweba noma umhlinzeki ongaphansi ozohluleka eqenjini lokuqala lokukhiqiza.

Indlela yokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni — ukuhamba komsebenzi komthengi wezigaba ezi-5

Umsebenzi wokuhlola i-vane pump ka-2026 kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni uhlukana ngezigaba ezi-5 cishe emavikini ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 esikhathi sekhalenda, lapho iqoqo lemibhalo yesofthiwe lisebenza ngokuhambisana nohambo lwefekthri ukuze umthengi aqinisekise zonke izimpawu eziyi-14 ngaphambi kokufaka i-oda lokuqala lesampula. Umsebenzi wokuhlola uklanyelwe ukucindezela isikhathi sokuhlola ngokususa abantu abazongenela ukhetho kusenesikhathi nokuveza izimpawu zokuthembana abathengi abaningi abangaziboni.

1. Isigaba 1: Uhlu olude kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-inthanethi (isonto eli-1).Yakha uhlu olude lwabakhiqizi abazongenela ukhetho abangu-8 kuya kwabangu-12 abavela kumapulatifomu e-B2B, amathuluzi okuhlola izitifiketi zenhlangano yekilasi kanye nohlu lokuxhumana lombukiso wezohwebo. Sebenzisa izimpawu ezine zokuthembela (isimo seyunithi ephethe, ububanzi besitifiketi senhlangano yekilasi, ukusetshenziswa kweshejuli yokukhiqiza, umugqa wempahla ehleliwe) ngokumelene nomuntu ngamunye ozongenela ukhetho bese ususa noma yimuphi umuntu ozongenela ukhetho ohluleka izimpawu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Umphumela uhlu olufushane lwabantu abazongenela ukhetho abangu-3 kuya kwabangu-5.
2. Isigaba 2: Ukuqoqwa kwamadokhumenti esofthiwe (amasonto ama-2, ngokulingana).Cela amadokhumenti esofthiwe (S1 kuya ku-S7) kumuntu ngamunye oqokiwe ohlwini olufushane. Buyekeza izitifiketi, ithempulethi ye-NDA, imigomo ejwayelekile kanye nemigomo yokukhokha. Susa noma yimuphi umuntu ohlulekayo izimpawu zesofthiwe ezintathu noma ngaphezulu. Umphumela uhlu olufushane lwabantu ababili kuya kwabathathu abaqokiwe ohambweni lwefektri.
3. Isigaba 3: Ukuvakasha kwasefekthri kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwehadiwe (isonto eli-1 endaweni).Vakashela abantu ababili kuya kwabathathu abasele ngokulandelana. Sebenzisa amasignali ehadiwe (H1 kuya ku-H7) ngokuhlola umugqa ngamunye, uhambo lwendlu yokugcina impahla kanye nohambo lwelabhorethri yokuhlola. Thatha izithombe bese ucela imvume yokugcina izimpendulo zomphathi womugqa njengengxenye yerekhodi lokuhlolwa. Umphumela ungumuntu oyedwa okhethiwe ngokusebenza kwehadiwe.
4. Isigaba 4: I-oda lesampula kanye neziqu zobunjiniyela (amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu).Beka i-oda lesampula lamaphampu angu-5 kuya kwangu-10 kulo lonke uchungechunge lomkhiqizo oyinhloko womuntu ozongenela ukhetho. Cacisa izimo zokuhlola, amadokhumenti adingekayo (izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo, imibiko yokuhlolwa, imibiko yobukhulu) kanye nezindlela zokwamukela. Umphumela uyiqoqo lesampula elidlula ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka komthengi.
5. Isigaba 5: I-oda lokuqala lokukhiqiza kanye nokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo (ukugoqwa).Beka ibhetshi lokuqala lokukhiqiza (ngokuvamile amayunithi angu-50 kuya kwangu-200 ngengxoxo ye-MOQ ku-FAQ engezansi). Gcina ukuhlolwa njalo ngokubuyekezwa kwebhizinisi kwekota, ukuvakashelwa kabusha kwefektri minyaka yonke kanye nokuqinisekiswa kobubanzi besitifiketi senhlangano yekilasi okuqhubekayo.

Umsebenzi wesigaba esi-5 wenzelwe ukususa abantu abazongenela ukhetho kusenesikhathi (Isigaba 1), ukuveza izimpawu zesofthiwe ngaphambi kohambo lwefektri (Isigaba 2), ukuqinisekisa izimpawu zehadiwe phansi (Isigaba 3), ukufaneleka kobunjiniyela kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesampula (Isigaba 4), kanye nokugcina ukuhlolwa kuqhubeka njalo ngemva kweqembu lokuqala lokukhiqiza (Isigaba 5). Umthengi oweqa noma yisiphi isigaba esisodwa ucindezela ukuhlolwa ngokwenziwa futhi agcine ethembele ezimpawini obekufanele zihlungwe ekuqaleni kwenqubo. Imodi yokwehluleka evame kakhulu ukweqa Isigaba 1 bese eya ngqo ohambweni lwefektri kumuntu ozongenela ukhetho olude, okusho ukuthi izimpawu zokuthembana ziyaqinisekiswa ngemuva kokuba umthengi esevele etshale isikhathi nokuhamba kumuntu ozongenela ukhetho.

Esinye isimiso sokusebenza komsebenzi ukusebenzisa iqoqo lemibhalo yesofthiwe kanye nohambo lwefektri ukuze isikhathi sokuhlolwa sicindezelwe. Umthengi oqhuba iqoqo lesofthiwe ngokulandelana ohambweni lwefektri uthatha amasonto ayi-10 kuya kwayi-12 esikhathi sekhalenda; umthengi oqhuba la madokhumenti amabili kanyekanye uthatha amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8. Ukusebenza okufanayo kungenzeka ngoba ukuqoqwa kwemibhalo akudingi ukuthi ifektri itholakale ngokomzimba, amaqembu obunjiniyela kanye nekhwalithi kuphela okufanele atholakale nge-imeyili. Ifektri engaphenduli isicelo sedokhumenti zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-5 zebhizinisi iyifektri engeke iphendule isicelo sokushintsha ubunjiniyela zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-5 zebhizinisi, okuyisignali yesikhathi sokuphendula se-S4 esisebenzayo ngaphambi kokuthi uhambo lwefektri luqale.