Ndingasarudza Sei Hydraulic Gear Pombi Zvichienderana Nekumanikidzwa, Kuyerera uye Kumhanya Kwekushanda?

• Kudzvanywa kunogadzirisa mutoro unofanirwa kumiriswa nepombi; kuyerera kunotsanangura kumhanya kwemuchina uye mhinduro yeactuator.
• Kumhanya kwekushanda kazhinji ndiko kunonyanya kuvanza miganhu nekuti cavitation, kupisa kukwira, uye kupfeka zvinowedzera kana mamiriro ekupinda asina kunaka.
• Kune mapurojekiti ekutsiva, kufananidza nzvimbo yebasa nemaitiro ekuisa zvinhu kunowanzo kuve kwakakosha pane kutsvaga chiyero chepamusoro chekumanikidzwa.
• Sarudzo inofanira kugara ichiongororwa zvichienderana nekushanda kwemuchina chaiwo, kwete chete maererano nemazita epureti.

Kusarudza pombi yegiya re hydraulic chisarudzo cheinjiniya, kwete chiitiko chekatalogu, nekuti pombi inofanira kukodzera nzvimbo chaiyo yebasa remuchina. Nzvimbo yekutanga inobatsira zvikuru hukama huripo pakati pekumanikidzwa, kuyerera, uye kumhanya: kumanikidzwa kunosarudza simba, kuyerera kunosarudza kufamba kwe actuator, uye kumhanya kunosarudza kana pombi ichigona kuendesa kuyerera ikoko zvinobudirira. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha mumasisitimu akavakirwa pairi.pombi dzevane, mota dzehydraulic, uye mayuniti emagetsi anoenderana neservo, uko pombi iri chikamu chimwe chete che hydraulic loop yese. Makodhi ekuchenesa eISO 4406 akakoshawo nekuti kusvibiswa kunogona kupfupisa hupenyu hwechikamu kwenguva refu kusati kwasvika kumanikidzwa kwakayerwa; chinangwa chakajairika chekudzora masisitimu e hydraulic akarurama i18/16/13 kana kuchenesa, zvichienderana nekunzwa kwechikamu, sezvakatsanangurwa muISO 4406:2017.

Kushanda pamwe chete kwepombi yegiya re hydraulic giya, kuyerera, uye kumhanya

Kumanikidzwa, kuyerera, uye kumhanya zvinofanirwa kutariswa sedambudziko rekusarudza rakabatana.

Kumanikidzwa ndiko kuramba kunofanira kukundwa nepombi, kunowanzoonekwa mubhawa kana psi, nepo kuyerera kuri huwandu hwemafuta anounzwa panguva imwe neimwe, kazhinji muL/min kana gpm, uye kumhanya ndiko shaft rpm inogadzira kuyerera ikoko. Kuyerera kwepombi yegiya kunogona kufungidzirwa sekumhanya kwenguva dzekuchinja, kwozogadziriswa kuti pave nekushanda zvakanaka kwevolumetric. Mumichina chaiyo, zvinoreva kuti pombi ye20 cc/rev pa1,500 rpm haipe 30 L/min pasi pemamiriro ese ezvinhu, nekuti kudonha kunokwira nekumanikidzwa uye viscosity inochinja nekupisa. Ndosaka kumanikidzwa nekuyerera zvisingagone kusarudzwa zvakazvimirira.

Mapombi egiya anowanzo sarudzwa nekuda kwekureruka kwawo, saizi yawo diki, uye maitiro ayo anofungidzirwa mumayuniti emagetsi emaindasitiri. Zvisinei, hwindo rawo rekushanda rinobatsira rinoenderana nemamiriro ekubuda kwemukati uye mamiriro ekupinda. Munzvimbo dzakanyanya kumanikidzwa, kutsvedza kwemukati kunowedzera, saka kuyerera chaiko kunoderera pasi pekuyerera kwedzidziso. Pakumhanya kwakanyanya, vacuum yekupinda inogona kukwira, uye saizi isina kukwana yekupinda kana mafuta anotonhora, ane viscous anogona kukonzera cavitation. Mugumisiro wacho ruzha, kudedera, uye kupfeka nguva isati yakwana.

Kuti pave nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwayo, divi rekumanikidzwa kwepombi rinofanira kuenderana nerelief setting uye mutoro wakaipisisa. Semuenzaniso, muchina unowanzo shanda pa 140 bar ungangoda pombi ine continuous rating yakakwira kuti ikwanise kubata transient peaks. Margin chaiyo inoenderana ne duty cycle, asi pombi haifanirwe kusarudzwa chete nekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kana continuous thermal load iriyo chaiyo inodzvinyirira.

Maitiro ekuverenga kuyerera kwepombi yegiya kubva pakufambiswa uye rpm

Kuverenga kuyerera ndiyo nzira inokurumidza yekubvisa mapombi asina kukura.

Fomura yekutanga ndeiyi: kuyerera kwakaenzana nekutama kwekuchinja kwega kwega kwakawedzerwa nekumhanya kwekutenderera, wobva wawedzerwa nekusimba kwevhorumu. Kana pombi yegiya ine kutama kwe16 cc/rev uye inomhanya pa1,800 rpm, kuyerera kwedzidziso ndeye 28.8 L/min usati warasikirwa nekusimba. Pa90 muzana yekusimba kwevhorumu, kuyerera kwekushanda kunenge 25.9 L/min. Kuongorora uku kuri nyore kunobatsira pane kuenzanisa nhamba dzemusoro wekatarogu nekuti inoenderana nekumhanya chaiko kwemuchina.

Pabasa rekutsiva, kuverenga uku kunofanirwa kuitwa pa rpm yemuchina inoshanda nguva dzose, kwete chete pa speed yemota nameplate. Pombi inofambiswa ne coupling kana bhandi inogona kusatenderera pa rpm imwecheteyo ne prime mover. Chinhu ichocho chinokosha mu press systems, injection molding machines, uye mobile hydraulic equipment uko nguva ye cycle yakabatana zvakananga nekumhanya kwe actuator.

Mutemo unoshanda ndewekuti uzive kuti kudiwa kwemvura chaiyo kunodiwa panguva inononoka, wobva waona kuti mota inogona kutyaira pombi panzvimbo imwe chete pasina kupisa kwakanyanya. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana pombi ichishandiswa musystem inosanganisirawomasisitimu eservo, nekuti nzira yekudzora inogona kuderedza avhareji yezvinodiwa pakuyerera uku ichiri kuda mhinduro dzinokurumidza.

Zvinorevei chaizvo pakushandisa pombi yegiya zuva nezuva

Kuongororwa kwesimba rinoenderera mberi kunokosha kupfuura nhamba yepamusoro mupepa redata.

Vatengi vazhinji vanotarisa pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, asi mubvunzo uri nani ndewekuti pombi inogona here kuramba ichimanikidzwa zvakakwana kuti ishande zvakanaka pasina kupfuudza miganhu yekupisa. Pombi inogona kuramba ichitsungirira kumanikidzwa kwenguva pfupi, asi ichiramba ichikundikana kana ikapedza nguva yakareba iri pedyo nemucheto wepamusoro wekongiri yayo. Ndosaka kusarudza kumanikidzwa kuchifanira kuratidza simba remuchina uye kugadzirwa kwekupisa.

Muma hydraulic circuits chaiwo, kupisa kunobva mukurasikirwa: kubuda kwemukati, kutenderera, uye kudonha kwedzvinyiriro pama filters nema valvu. Kana dzvinyiriro ikawedzera, kurasikirwa nekubuda kwedzvinyiriro kunowanzo kukwira, zvinoreva kuti simba rakawanda rekupinda rinova kupisa pane basa rinobatsira. Ndokusaka pombi yakakura chete yekumanikidzwa asi kwete yekushanda zvakanaka kwesystem ichigona kuita kuti reservoir ishande zvakanaka uye inoderedza hupenyu hwechisimbiso.

Kuti usarudze zvinoshanda, enzanisa nhamba nhatu: system continuous pressure, relief-valve setting, uye pombi continuous rating. Pombi inofanira kushanda nemuganhu usingashande nguva dzose pamuganhu. Mubasa remaindasitiri, kuchengetedza nzvimbo yekushanda iri pasi pepamusoro-soro kunobatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu hwekutakura uye kuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwevolumetric.

Kana uri kuronga chimwe chinotsiva, ronga nhevedzano inoenderana nayo yakaita seMapombi akatevedzana eV or Mapombi eVQ akatevedzanaZvingave zviri nani pane kugadzira patsva circuit, chero bedzi kuiswa, shaft, uye displacement zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekushanda yemuchina. Ndiyo nzira inokurumidza yemidziyo yekare inofanira kudzokera kumabasa nekukurumidza.

Kumhanya kwekushandisa kunochinja sei hupenyu hwepombi yegiya uye kushanda kwayo

Kumhanya ndiko kunowanzo sarudza kana pombi ikatanga kushanda chinyararire kana kuti ikatadza kushanda nekukurumidza.

Kumhanya kwekushanda hakungokanganisi chete kuyerera kwemhepo inobuda asiwo mamiriro ekupinda kwemhepo, kurasikirwa nekukweshana, uye maitiro ekupisa. Kufamba kwepombi zvishoma nezvishoma kunogona kusapa kuyerera kwakakwana kwenguva inodiwa yekufamba, nepo pombi ichimhanya nekukurumidza inogona kudonha kana mutsetse wekupinda usina kukura zvakanyanya kana mafuta akanyanya kusviba. Muzviitiko zvese izvi, muchina unoderera kugadzikana.

Miganho yekumhanya haisi yemakanika chete. Inoshandawo sehydraulic. Pombi inoda simba rekupinda mukati kuti izadze magiya ese, kunyanya panguva yekutonhora. Ndosaka viscosity yemafuta ichifanirwa kuongororwa zvichienderana nekupisa kwemhepo chaiyo uye tembiricha yekushanda, kwete chete giredhi reISO viscosity. Sisitimu inoshandisa ISO VG 46 oil pakutanga inogona kuita zvakasiyana zvikuru nesisitimu imwe chete mushure mekudziya.

Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzemaindasitiri, 1,200 kusvika 1,800 rpm inzvimbo yakajairika yekushanda kwemapombi egiya anofambiswa nemagetsi, kunyange hazvo muganho chaiwo unoenderana nehukuru, dhizaini, uye marongerwo ekupinda. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti rpm inofanira kuenzaniswa nebasa raunoda, nekuti kumhanya kwakanyanya kunogona kukwidza ruzha uye kuderedza hupenyu hwebasa remabearings nema shaft seals. Kana muchina watove kusundira miganhu yekumhanya, displacement kana drive ratio yakasiyana inogona kunge yakachengeteka pane kuedza kumanikidza pombi diki kuti iite basa rakakura.

1. Tarisa rpm chaiyo yedhiraivha pakazara mutoro uye pakutanga.
2. Simbisa dhayamita yemugero wekupinda, kureba, uye huwandu hwemafuta.
3. Simbisa viscosity yemafuta pakupisa kwekushanda.
4. Enzanisa kumhanya kunoenderera mberi nemuganhu wekatalogu yepombi.
5. Cherechedza ruzha rwekuvhuvhuta kweganda, furo, uye kukwira kwekushisa panguva yekuedzwa.

Ndeipi mhando yepombi inokodzera chinangwa chekumanikidzwa uye kuyerera

Haasi mapombi ese egiya ndiyo mhinduro yakanakisisa kune ese ma hydraulic duty point.

Kana kudiwa kwemvura kuchienderera mberi uye dunhu riri nyore, mapombi egiya anowanzo kwezva nekuti akamanikana uye akasimba. Kana sisitimu ichida kudzora kumanikidzwa kwakasimba, kubuda kwakasiyana-siyana, kana kushandiswa kwesimba shoma, dhizaini yakakura yemagetsi inogona kubatsirwa nehurongwa hwakasiyana. Ndosaka vatengi vazhinji vemaindasitiri vachienzanisa mapombi egiya nemapombi ane vane kana masisitimu anotungamirwa neservo vasati vapedzisa kuvaka.

Kune vaverengi vachienzanisa mhuri dzezvigadzirwa zvakakwana, danho rinotevera rinonyanya kubatsira nderekutarisa magadzirirwo akakura e hydraulic, kwete muviri wepombi chete. Ndosaka zvichikosha kuti vaverengi vaongorore magadzirirwo akakura e hydraulic, kwete muviri wepombi chete.pombi dzehydraulic, mota dzehydraulicuyezvishongedzo zvehydraulicinofanira kuongororwa pamwe chete kana sisitimu yacho ichigadziriswa patsva kana kugadziriswa.

Maitiro ekusarudza pombi yegiya re hydraulic yezvirongwa zvekutsiva

Kusarudzwa kwekutsiva kunonyanya kuenderana nezvinodiwa, kwete kuvandudzwa.

Kana muchina wekare uchida kuchinjana pombi, mubvunzo wekutanga ndewekuti mudziyo mutsva unofanira kuenderana here netsoka yekare, rudzi rwemugodhi, uye nzira yekutenderera. Mubvunzo wechipiri ndewekuti pombi yekare yakakundikana here nekuda kwekusakara, kusvibiswa, kana dambudziko rekusakura. Kana pombi yekutanga yakanga yakakwana kwemakore, kutsiva zvakananga ndiyo nzira ine njodzi shoma.

Mapurojekiti ekushanda pamwe chete akajairika muVickers, Denison, Yuken, Tokimec, uye Rexroth legacy systems. Muzviitiko izvi, mutengi anowanzoda imwe nzira inochengetedza maitiro ekuisa uye mashandiro ayo uku achivandudza nguva yekutumira. Apa ndipo panobatsira kusarudza zvinhu zvinoenderana neseti, nekuti mutengi anogona kuchinja kubva pachikamu chepakutanga chakasakara kuenda kune chimwe chinoenderana nacho pasina kuchinja marongerwo emuchina.

1. Nyora pombi yekare, kuchinjika, kutenderera, uye kodhi yekumisikidza.
2. Yera simba rekushanda kwesystem uye kuyerera kwedanho rakajairika.
3. Tarisa dhayamita yemubato, flange, saizi yechiteshi, uye kutenderera.
4. Simbisa rudzi rweoiri, nhoroondo yekusvibiswa kwayo, uye tembiricha yekushandisa.
5. Enzanisa chinotsiva nechinhu chimwe chete, kwete mhuri imwe chete.

Panyaya iyi yekushandisa, webhusaiti inopaMapombi eT6 akatevedzanauyeMapombi eT7 akatevedzanazvinogona kubatsira nekuti vatengi vanogona kutsvaga vachitarisa zvakaenzana pane kutanga kubva pakutanga. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha mumisika yekuchengetedza zvinhu kunze kwenyika uko nguva yekushanda kwemuchina inodhura kupfuura chikamu chacho pachacho.

Kudzvinyirirwa, kuyerera, uye kumhanya zvinokanganisa sei kuumbwa kwejekiseni uye mahydraulics anofambiswa

Chinyorwa chekushandisa chinosarudza shanduko chaiyo.

Mukuumbwa kwejekiseni, pombi inofanira kupindura kumatanho mapfupi, anodzokororwa, uye kurasikirwa nesimba kunodhura kana kugadzirwa kwacho kwapera. Mumahydraulics anofambiswa, mutoro wekuvhunduka, kudedera, uye kusiyana kwekushisa kwemhepo kunowanzo kuve kwakanyanya. Pombi yegiya rehydraulic imwe chete inogona kukodzera munzvimbo dzese dziri mbiri, asi chete kana duty cycle yakasarudzwa nemazvo.

Kumichina yekugadzira majekiseni, mutengo wekuwedzera saizi hausi wekudyara kwekutanga chete. Kuyerera kwakawandisa kunogona kumanikidza sisitimu kuti idururire simba rakawandisa mumavharuvhu, izvo zvinokwidza tembiricha yemafuta uye zvinotambisa simba. Kumichina inofamba, dhizaini isina kukwana yekupinda inogona kukonzera furo kana mhepo panguva yekufamba kwemotokari, izvo zvinoderedza kugadzikana kwekudzora. Ndosaka kufananidza system-level kuchikosha kupfuura kutenga pressure rating yakakura iripo.

Chiyero chinobatsira kubva kuUS Department of Energy ndechekuti masisitimu anofambiswa nemota dzemaindasitiri anowanzova nekukwanisa kukuru kwekuvandudza mashandiro kana kudzora nehukuru zvagadziriswa, uye gwara reDOE re hydraulic system rinosimbisa kuderedza throttling uye kuenzanisa kubuda kwezvinhu nezvinodiwa.Dhipatimendi reUS reSimba reMagetsi nhungamiro yemasisitimu ehydraulickuti zvienderane nekushanda zvakanaka kwehurongwa.

Kuongorora zvinhu usati watenga kana kuisa pombi yegiya re hydraulic

Chirongwa chekuedza chiri nyore chinodzivirira zvikanganiso zvakawanda pakusarudza.

Usati watenga kekupedzisira, tarisa kana pombi ichigona kuendesa kuyerera kunotarisirwa panzvimbo chaiyo yekubatsira uku uchichengetedza tembiricha yemafuta ichidzorwa. Uyewo simbisa kuti mamiriro ekukweva akagadzikana, nekuti kukuvara kwe cavitation kunowanzotanga panguva yekutanga pane kushanda kwakasimba. Kuongorora kwakanaka kunosanganisira ruzha, kudedera, kuyerera, tembiricha, uye kuyerera kwemvura mushure mekutakurwa kwekutanga.

• Simbisa kumanikidzwa uchishandisa geji yakayerwa pachiteshi chekushanda.
• Pima kuyerera kwemvura pakushanda kwe rpm, kwete nekumhanya kwekutenderera pasina mutoro.
• Simbisa kuyerera kwemvura mubhokisi uye kudzorera kumanikidzwa kwemusana.
• Tarisa mapaipi ekusveta kana paine zvinorambidzwa uye kupinda kwemhepo.
• Nyora tembiricha yemafuta mushure mekutenderera kwemutoro chaiwo.

Pakudzora kusvibiswa, chinonyanya kushandiswa iISO 4406. Pakusefa uye kuchena kwemvura mumasisitimu emaindasitiri, kodhi iyi inobatsira kuenzanisa huwandu chaihwo hwezvinhu zvidiki zvichienderana nekushivirira kwechikamu. Oiri yekuchenesa inowanzo wedzera hupenyu, kunyanya mumasisitimu eservo neane tight-clearance.

Zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa pakusarudza pombi yegiya re hydraulic

Kukundikana kukuru kwepombi kunotanga nezvikanganiso zvekusarudza, kwete zvikanganiso zvekugadzira.

Chikanganiso chinowanzoitika ndechekusarudza uchishandisa peak pressure chete woregeredza continuous duty. Chimwe chikanganiso chinowanzoitika ndechekuti kufungidzira kuti flow pa rpm imwe chete icharamba ichishanda padrive speed yakasiyana. Vatengi vanowanzo kanganwawo fluid viscosity, inlet conditions, uye thermal management, kunyangwe izvi zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro chaiwo epombi.

1. Kusarudza chete nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye kusateerera kutenderera kwebasa.
2. Kuregeredza rpm chaiyo yekutyaira yemuchina.
3. Kuyerera kwakanyanya uye kumanikidza simba rakawandisa kuti ripinde mukupisa.
4. Kushandisa mafuta asina kunaka pakudziya kwemhepo.
5. Kutsiva pombi pasina kutarisa kuti shaft, flange, uye port zvinoshanda sei.

Mubasa remumunda, mhedzisiro yakanakisisa inowanzova iri nyore: enzanisa nzvimbo chaiyo yekushanda, chengetedza oiri yakachena, uye dzivisa kuchinja dunhu zvisina kufanira. Maitiro iwayo anowanzo unza kudzoka nekukurumidza kubasa uye njodzi shoma yekuiswa kwemagetsi.

Kana pombi yegiya iriyo sarudzo chaiyo uye kana isiriyo

Mapombi egiya ndiwo sarudzo chaiyo kana sisitimu ichikoshesa kugara kwenguva refu, kugomara, uye maitiro ekufamba kwenguva refu asingatarisirwi.

Hazvina kunaka kana muchina uchida ruzha rwakaderera, kuchinja kwemafambiro emagetsi zvakanyanya, kana kugadzirisa simba zvine simba pasina nzira yekushandira. Muzviitiko izvozvo, mhinduro yakakura ye hydraulic ingangoda mhuri yepombi yakasiyana kana dhizaini inotungamirwa ne servo. Mutengi anoshanda anofanira kusarudza zvichienderana nenzvimbo yebasa, kwete zvichienderana nesarudzo yechikamu.

Kune vazhinji vanotenga maindasitiri, mhinduro yakanakisisa haisi chinhu chimwe chete asi system package inosanganisira pombi, mota, zvishongedzo, uye zvinodzora. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana chinangwa chiri chekutsiva michina yekare, kuderedza nguva yekushanda, kana kuvaka puratifomu yekuchengetedza simba. Munzvimbo iyoyo, kusarudza pombi kunova chikamu chekuvimbika kukuru uye hurongwa hwesimba pane kutenga wega.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndingasarudza sei saizi yepombi yegiya re hydraulic?

Sarudza saizi nekuverenga kuyerera kunodiwa pa rpm chaiyo yemuchina, wobva wasimbisa kuti pombi inogona kubata kumanikidzwa kunoramba kuripo uye tembiricha yeduty cycle.

Chii musiyano uripo pakati pekumanikidzwa kwepombi yegiya nekuyerera kwayo?

Kumanikidzwa kunotarisa mutoro unogona kusundidzirwa nepombi, ukuwo kuyerera kunotarisa kuti masirinda kana mota dzinofamba nekukurumidza zvakadii. Pombi inogona kuva nekumanikidzwa kwakakwana asi iine kuyerera kudiki zvakanyanya.

Ndingaziva sei kana kumhanya kwepombi kwakanyanya?

Kana pombi ikaita ruzha, ichipisa, kana kuti cavitation ikaonekwa pakutanga kana kuti pasi pemutoro, kumhanya kunogona kunge kwakakwira zvakanyanya kana kuti mamiriro ekupinda anogona kunge asina kunaka.

Ndingatsiva pombi yekare ine chiyero chimwe chete chekuyerera kwemvura here?

Kwete. Unofanirawo kufananidza nzvimbo yekumisikidza, shaft, kutenderera, saizi yechiteshi, chiyero chekumanikidzwa, uye nzvimbo chaiyo yebasa remuchina.

Ndinofanira kuvavarira kuchena kwemafuta padanho ripi?

Masisitimu mazhinji ehydraulic anonyatsoshandisa ISO 4406 cleansing targets dzakadai se18/16/13 kana cleaner, zvichienderana nekunzwa kwezvikamu uye nhungamiro yemutengesi.

Kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kunogara kuri nani here?

Kwete. Chiyero chepamusoro chinobatsira chete kana zvimwe zvikamu zvedunhu, kusanganisira zvisimbiso, kutonhora, uye magadzirirwo ekubvisa, zvakagadzirirwa kumanikidzwa ikoko.

Ndirini pandinofanira kufunga nezvekushandisa pombi yeservo kana vane panzvimbo payo?

Funga nezvazvo kana uchida ruzha rushoma, kugona kudzora zviri nani, kana kuchengetedza simba kupfuura zvinopihwa nepombi yegiya inofambiswa nemagetsi.

Muchidimbu, pombi yegiya re hydraulic yakanakisisa ndiyo inoenderana nekumanikidzwa kwako chaiko, kuyerera, uye kumhanya kwekushanda panguva imwe chete. Kana zvinhu zvitatu izvozvo zvikaenderana, zvimwe zvese zvesystem zvinova nyore kutonhodza, kudzora, uye kugadzirisa.