Vane na Gear Motors: São Paulo Isukari Mills '50M yo gutwara ibinyabiziga

Hari hagati muri Werurwe ubwo nahamagaraga. Umuyobozi w’ibikoresho mu ruganda rw’ibisheke ruri i Ralatório, São Paulo — nko mu birometero 180 mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bw’umujyi — yari ahanganye n’icyemezo cyo kumenya niba uruganda rwe rwarangije igihe cy’isarura neza cyangwa niba rwari rumaze igihe gito rukora nabi cyane.

Imashini itwara inkoni y'urusyo ifite uburebure bwa metero 50 yari itwaye imodoka ebyirimoteri z'ibikoreshomu myaka ine ishize. Buri gihembwe cyo gusya, izo moteri zashyuhaga cyane iyo zari zifite umutwaro uhoraho. Buri gihembwe cyo kuruhuka, itsinda ry’abashinzwe kubungabunga ryasubiragamo ibifunga, rigasimbuza ibikoresho byashaje ku mpande, rigasenga. Amezi atandatu hagati y’aho byangiritse yari asanzwe. Ku ruganda rutunganya toni 12.000 z’inkoni ku munsi, isaha imwe yo kuruhuka idateganijwe yatwaraga toni 500 z’umusaruro watakaye - kandi ku giciro cyo kuzamuka, ayo ni amafaranga nyir’uru ruganda ntashaka gusiga yicaye ku kibuga.

Icyo kiganiro cyabaye intangiriro y'umwe mu mishinga ishimishije cyane nakoreye mu rwego rwo gutunganya isukari. Ibikurikira ni inkuru irambuye y'impamvumoteri za vane zirusha moteri za gitesi moteri mu modoka zitwara imizigo za metero 50— ntabwo ari nk'ibiganiro byo kwamamaza, ahubwo ni nk'ukuri kw'imikorere gushyigikiwe n'amakuru y'inanirwa nyakuri yavuye mu nganda zo muri Brezili.

Imiterere yihariye ya São Paulo Isukari Uruganda

Mbere yo kwinjira mu ikoranabuhanga rya moteri, ugomba gusobanukirwa icyo umucuruzi w’ibisheke akora kuri moteri ya hydraulic. Iyi si igorofa y’uruganda isukuye kandi igenzurwa n’ikirere. Iyi ni imwe mu nyubako mbi cyane nahuye nazo ku bikoresho bya hydraulic bigezweho.

Umukungugu w'ibitunguru bitagira ingano

Gutunganya ibisheke bitanga ingano nini cyane ya fibrous baggasse. Ibi bikoresho ntibiba aho gusa - bihinduka ivumbi rituruka mu kirere ryinjira mu cyuho cyose, mu gifunga, no mu gipfundikizo gishobora kubona. Muri moteri z'ibikoresho, aho amenyo y'ibikoresho bifunga atuma habaho icyuho cya mikoroni nke gusa, ivumbi rya bass rikora nk'ikintu gitera uburyaryate. Mu gihe cy'imikorere ihoraho, utuntu duto dukoresha inzira yatwo mu miyoboro y'ibifunga, byihutisha umuvuduko wo kwangirika kw'ibintu ababikora badakunze kwitaho mu buryo bwiza bwa laboratwari.

Raporo ya A2022 yavuye muriUNICA (Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Isukari zo muri Brezili)yavuze ko kwinjira kw'ibice by'amazi ari byo byateye ikibazo cy'ibura ry'imikorere y'amazi mu nganda zakorewe ubushakashatsi muri São Paulo na Goiás - ari byo byagize uruhare mu 34% by'amakosa yose yavuzwe. Iyo urimo gukorana na moteri y'amashanyarazi, iyo nzira y'injira iba itaziguye: agace k'umugozi gafunguye kuri moteri y'amashanyarazi kagaragara cyane kurusha icyumba gifunze cy'igishushanyo cy'umugozi.

Ubushuhe n'ubushyuhe bukabije mu turere dushyuha

Imbere mu mujyi wa São Paulo haba ubushuhe buri gihe buri hejuru ya 90% mu mezi y'isarura kuva muri Mata kugeza Ugushyingo. Iki si igihu cyo ku nkombe - ni umwuka ushyushye wuzuye winjira mu mazu y'imodoka mu gihe cy'ubukonje nyuma yo kuzimya. Moteri z'amashanyarazi, zifite aho zishyirwa hanze n'udupfundikizo tw'imigozi, zishobora kwibasirwa cyane n'ubushuhe buterwa n'amazi ku mpande z'imodoka n'imigendekere y'imodoka.

Moteri za Vane, zifite imiterere yazo ya rotor-na-vane ifunze neza, zigumana uburinganire bwiza bw'umuvuduko w'imbere kandi ntizikunze kwibasirwa n'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kudakora. Icyumba cya rotor-vane muri moteri ya Vane gifashwe neza gikomeza kuba kiri munsi y'umuvuduko muto uturuka ku murongo w'amazi yinjira, ukora nk'uruzitiro karemano rurinda ubushuhe kwinjira mu byuma bifunga.

Imirimo ihoraho y'amasaha 24 mu gihe cy'isarura

Uruganda rutunganya ibisheke ntirugira igihe cyo kuruhuka mu gihe cy'isarura. Iyo urutoki rutangiye kuva mu murima, umucuruzi agomba gukora - buri gihe - mu gihe cyose cy'umwaka. I São Paulo, uruganda rutunganya ibisheke kuva muri Mata kugeza Ugushyingo. Ayo ni amezi umunani y'akazi kadahinduka, amasaha 24 ku munsi, iminsi irindwi mu cyumweru.

Ingaruka zo guhitamo moteri zirakomeye. Moteri ihagije gato ku rugero rwagenwe izapfa imburagihe iyo ikoresheje 110% by'imbaraga zagenwe mu gihe cyo gutanga inkoni nyinshi - ibyo ni byo bibaho iyo amakamyo yo mu gasozi ahagaze maze uruganda rugakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo rugarure igihe cyatakaye nyuma y'itinda ry'imvura.

“Itandukaniro riri hagati ya moteri imara igihe kimwe n’indi imara igihe kinini si urupapuro rugaragaza niba igishushanyo mbonera cyayo gikemura ibibazo byinshi mu buryo bwiza nta gucika intege gukomeye kw’imashini.”

Ikintu cy'igihembwe: Amadirishya yo kubungabunga ni magufi

Kimwe mu bintu bidahabwa agaciro cyane mu kubungabunga uruganda rw'ibisheke ni uburyo igihe cyo gukora imirimo y'igihe gito gishyirwa mu mwanya wacyo. Nyuma y'uko isarura rirangiye mu mpera z'Ugushyingo, inganda nyinshi ziba zifite igihe cy'ibyumweru 10 kugeza kuri 16 mbere y'uko igihembwe gitaha cyo gukorera mu murima gitangira. Amakipe ashinzwe kubungabunga agomba kuvugurura atari gusa amamashini atwara imizigo, ahubwo n'amamashini ashyushya, inganda, imashini zishyushya amazi, n'imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi - byose bihatanira abakozi bake n'ingengo y'imari imwe.

Ibi bivuze ko ikosa rya moteri y’imodoka itwara imizigo risaba igihe kirenga ibyumweru bine cyo gukoresha ibikoresho bisimbura imashini, rizatuma isarura ritinda. Ku ruganda rusanzwe rukora ku nkengero nto, ibi ntibyemewe.Kuboneka no kubungabunga imikorere ni ingenzi kimwe n'ibipimo by'imikorere y'ibanze.

Igereranya ry'imiterere: Vane Motors vs. Gear Motors

Uburyo moteri ya Vane ikora

Moteri ya hydraulic vane ikoresha rotor ifite imigozi ishyirwa mu mwobo wire (impeta ya kamera). Rotor ishyirwa mu buryo budasanzwe - bivuze ko idahagarara hagati mu gisenge. Amazi ya hydraulic yinjira munsi y'umuvuduko ashyira ibyuma bya hydraulic - ubusanzwe 7 kugeza kuri 12 kuri moteri bitewe n'imiterere - inyuma cyane ugana ku mpeta ya kamera, bigatuma umurongo ufunga hagati ya buri mpera ya van n'urukuta rw'imbere rw'igisenge.

Uko rotor izenguruka, imashini zinjira zigasohoka mu myanya yazo. Buri mashini ikora icyumba cy’umuvuduko cyihariye gihuza n’aho yinjira n’aho asohokera, bigatanga imbaraga. Imiterere y’impeta ya kamera igena aho izenguruka kuri buri muvuduko. Kubera ko imashini zireremba ku gacupa k’amazi ya hydraulic, gufunga birahinduka kandi bikishyura - uko bigenda bishira, imashini zigenda zirushaho kwaguka kugira ngo zikomeze gukorana.

Iyi miterere itanga imiterere myinshi ijyanye neza n'ibikorwa byo gutwara imodoka:

• Umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka uri hejuru— ubusanzwe 400 kugeza 2.600 RPM ku mamoderi asanzwe, hamwe n’imiterere imwe n’imwe igera kuri 4.000+ RPM. Ibi bivuze ko moteri ishobora gutwara umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye nta gikoresho cy’ubuyobozi bw’imodoka, bigabanyije uburyo bwo gukora ikoranabuhanga rya moteri.
• Gutanga torque mu buryo bworoshye— Gushyira amazi hagati y’imiyoboro y’amazi bivuze ko urusaku ruke kandi ko hari n’ingufu nke ugereranije n’ingufu zikoreshwa mu gupima ibikoresho.
• Kwambara wishyura— uko imiyoboro ya vane isaza, umurongo wo kuyifunga urahinduka aho kwangirika mu buryo butunguranye. Ibi bituma moteri za vane zikora buhoro buhoro mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha.
• Umupaka wo hasi w'ingufu zo gutangira— moteri za vane zishobora gutangirira ku muvuduko muto kurusha moteri za ventilateur, ibyo bikaba ingenzi mu gutangiza conveyor nyuma yo guhagarara.

Uburyo moteri y'ibikoresho ikora

Moteri y'amashanyarazi ikoresha verisiyo ebyiri zifatanye - verisiyo yo gutwara n'iy'imburagihe - zibikwa mu cyumba gifite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Amazi yinjira mu gice cy'injira afatwa hagati y'amenyo y'imashini uko afatanye ku ruhande rw'injira, hanyuma akajyanwa hirya no hino mu gisenge kugeza ku ruhande rw'aho amenyo asohokera, akarekura amazi agatanga imbaraga.

Uburyo bworoshye bw'iyi miterere ni imbaraga zayo n'intege nke zayo. Ifite ibice bibiri gusa bizunguruka, moteri z'amashanyarazi zoroshye mu buryo bwa mekanike kandi zirahendutse kuzikora. Zikwiriye cyane gukoreshwa zisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gutangira ku muvuduko muto. Ariko, ziza n'ibindi bisobanuro:

• Umuvuduko ntarengwa wo hasi— ubusanzwe hagati ya 400 na 1.800 RPM, bigabanyiriza imikoreshereze ya direct-drive.
• Irekurwa rihoraho— Imyanya y'amenyo y'ibikoresho ishyirwa aho iteranyirizwa kandi ntishobora kwiyishyurira. Uko igenda ishira, amazi arenga impande z'ibikoresho ariyongera, bigatuma imikorere y'amenyo igabanuka.
• Ubushobozi bwo kwanduzanya cyane n'ubwandu— Amenyo y'ibikoresho ari mu ruziga rwegeranye akora nk'umutego w'uduce duto. Umugozi umwe wa basagase ufata hagati y'impande z'ibikoresho ushobora kwihutisha kwangirika kw'amenyo yose.
• Umusaruro muke w'ubwinshi bw'amazi mu gihe cy'umutwaro uhindagurika— moteri z'amashanyarazi zigira ikibazo cyo kubura amazi mu buryo bugaragara iyo zikora kure y'aho zigomba guhagarara.

Imirongo Ikora neza: Agace k'ingufu ka 60–80%

Ku bijyanye n'imodoka zitwara ibisheke, aho zikorera ni hagati ya 60% na 80% by'imbaraga za moteri mu gihe cy'imikorere isanzwe - aho imbaraga nke zigera kuri 110% mu gihe cy'ibikorwa byo kurenza urugero rw'imodoka. Aha niho imiterere y'imikorere ya moteri zifite moteri n'ibikoresho bitandukanye cyane.

Moteri z'amashanyarazi zikunze kugera ku musaruro wazo mwiza cyane hafi y'aho zishushanyijeho umuvuduko — ubusanzwe hagati ya bar 150 na 200 ku bikoresho by'inganda bifite umuvuduko uringaniye. Ku muvuduko wa 60–80% (hafi bar 100–150), moteri y'amashanyarazi ishobora kuba ikora neza ku muvuduko wa 82–87%. Muri ako gace, moteri y'amashanyarazi yakozwe neza isanzwe ikora neza ku muvuduko wa 88–93% bitewe n'uburyo ifunga ubwayo.

Mu gihe cy'amezi umunani y'isarura amasaha 24 ku munsi, iki cyuho kiri hagati ya 5 na 6 ku ijana mu mikoreshereze y'ingufu gisobanura itandukaniro rikomeye mu mikoreshereze y'ingufu - cyane cyane ku gipimo cy'urusyo rutunganya toni 12.000 ku munsi aho ingufu z'imodoka zitwara imizigo zishobora kurenza kW 75 kuri moteri imwe.

Igereranya ry’imikorere myiza risanzwe: Vane Motor vs. Gear Motor ku myanya ikoreshwa na Conveyor

Imiterere y'imikorere	Uburyo bwo gukoresha neza moteri ya Vane	Ikoreshwa neza rya moteri y'ibikoresho
Torque ifite amanota 60% (100 bar)	90–93%	82–87%
Torque ifite amanota 80% (150 bar)	91–94%	85–89%
110% by'umubyibuho urenze urugero (180 bar)	88–91%	79–84%
Gutangira-gutwara munsi y'umutwaro (ukonje, 60 bar)	78–84%	68–75%

Gutwara imodoka ya metero 50 itwara abantu: Impamvu imiterere y'imodoka ari ingenzi

Imodoka y'Impera Imwe Ugereranyije n'Imodoka y'Impera Zibiri

Imashini itwara imizigo ifite uburebure bwa metero 50 ku ruganda rw'ibisheke itera ikibazo mu miterere yayo uko ubwoko bwa moteri bwaba buri kose. Umukandara, wuzuyemo inkoni, utera imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura ku mashini itwara imizigo. Imiterere y'imashini itwara imizigo ifite uburebure bumwe ishyira umukandara wose kuri moteri imwe n'itsinda rimwe rya za bearings - uburyo bukomeye butuma moteri n'imashini itwara imizigo byihuta.

Inzira y'amashanyarazi ifite moteri ebyiri — ifite moteri ku mpera zose z'imashini itwara imizigo — ikwirakwiza umutwaro hagati y'ibice bibiri. Ibi bigabanya torque isabwa kuri moteri imwe, byongera igihe cyo gutwara amashanyarazi ku miyoboro itwara imizigo, kandi bigatanga uburambe: iyo moteri imwe inaniwe mu gihe cyo gusarura, urusyo rushobora gukomeza gukora ku muvuduko muke aho guhagarara burundu.

Inyinshi mu nganda za São Paulo nkora nazo zikunda gutwara imodoka zifite uburebure bwa metero zirenga 30. Igiciro cy'ingenzi cyo kongeramo moteri ya kabiri giterwa no kunoza ubwizerwe no kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'imiterere y'urukiramende rw'urukiramende.

Akamaro k'imodoka za Vane zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi mu ikoranabuhanga

Ubushobozi bwo kwihuta cyane bwa moteri za vane (kugeza kuri 2.600 RPM ku buryo busanzwe) bufite ingaruka nziza kuri za conveyor: akenshi bikuraho gukenera boteri igabanya umuvuduko. Conveyor ikora ku muvuduko wa 800 RPM ishobora kuyoborwa na moteri ya vane ku muvuduko uhuye - hatabayeho gutakaza ubushobozi, ibisabwa mu kubungabunga, ndetse no kudakoresha amavuta nk'aya boteri.

Moteri z'amashanyarazi, zifite umuvuduko muto ntarengwa wazo, ubusanzwe zikenera agasanduku k'amashanyarazi gakoresha imibumbe cyangwa uruziga kugira ngo gahuze n'umuvuduko w'imodoka. Buri cyiciro cy'agasanduku k'amashanyarazi gitanga igihombo cya 2–4% ku musaruro, cyongeraho ikintu cyo kubungabunga (guhindura amavuta, gusimbuza agapapuro), kandi bigatera aho bishobora kwangirika. Gukuraho agasanduku k'amashanyarazi mu nzira yo gutwara ni kimwe mu byemezo bigira ingaruka nziza uruganda rushobora gufata kugira ngo rukomeze kugira icyizere.

Gutera kw'ingufu n'ubuzima bw'umukandara

Ikintu kimwe cyirengagizwa mu guhitamo umuvuduko w’amenyo ni ugutera kw’amenyo mu buryo bwa torque. Moteri z’amashanyarazi, bitewe n’imiterere yazo yo gufata amenyo, zikora imivuduko mito y’amenyo ku buryo amenyo y’amenyo ahinduka. Ku muvuduko mwinshi, izi mivuduko zishobora gukurura imivuduko igaragara mu miterere y’amenyo, cyane cyane mu buryo bw’imikandara y’icyuma ikora mu gihe kirekire.

Moteri za Vane, zifite imiyoboro myinshi ya Vane na Torque ikoreshwa n'amazi, zitanga umusaruro woroshye cyane. Ku modoka ifite metero 50 ifite umukandara w'icyuma - aho umunaniro w'umukandara ari ikibazo gikomeye - kugabanya guhindagura kw'umukandara ku mukandara w'imodoka bishobora kongera igihe cyo gukora.

Umushinga Wukuri wa São Paulo: Ibyatanzwe Mubibuga

Reka mbahe ibisobanuro birambuye ku mushinga wa Ralatório navuze mu ifungurwa, kuko imibare ari yo yatumye umuyobozi w’ibikoresho ahindura icyerekezo.

Kuva mu 2021, uru ruganda rwari rukoresha moteri ebyiri za giteri za 15 kW (zifite ubushobozi bwa 180 bar, 1,200 RPM ntarengwa) ku cyuma cyazo cya metero 50 cyo gutwara inkoni. Buri kimwe muri byo cyahuye n'ikibazo gikurikira:

• Ukwezi kwa 2 kw'isarura— moteri ya mbere ishyuha cyane mu gihe cy'ingufu nyinshi. Itsinda rishinzwe kubungabunga lisansi risimbuza agafunga k'umugozi.
• Ukwezi kwa 4— Moteri ya kabiri igaragaza ko umuvuduko w'umuvuduko ugabanuka. Umuvuduko ugabanukaho hafi 12% ugereranije n'uwambere.
• Ukwezi kwa 6— moteri ya mbere isaba kongera gusanwa. Gusaza kw'ibice by'imodoka birengeje ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira. Moteri zombi ubu ziri mu mimerere yo kwangirika mu gihe hasigaye gusarurwa.
• Igihe cy'ikiruhuko cy'izabukuru— moteri zombi zongeye kubakwa. Igiciro cyose cyo kubungabunga kuri buri mashini: hafi BRL 38.000 (ibice + abakozi) kuri sisitemu yo gutwara imodoka gusa.

Igihe mpuzandengo hagati y’ikosa: amezi 6. Iyo ni uruziga rumwe rwuzuye rwa 榨季, mu by’ukuri ntabwo ari bibi kuri moteri z’ibikoresho muri ubu buryo — ariko nanone si byiza.

Nyuma y'isuzuma ryacu rya tekiniki, uru ruganda rwashyizeho ebyiriVicks M4C series hydraulic vane moteriifite ubushobozi bwa 18 kW, 2.000 RPM ntarengwa, mu buryo bwo gukurura imodoka bufite imiterere ibiri. Moteri zatoranijwe nta gikoresho cy’ubuyobozi bw’imodoka gikoreshwa hagati - uburyo bwo gukurura imodoka butaziguye bwagabanyije cyane uburyo bwo gukurura imikorere ya sisitemu.

Dore ibyabaye mu bihe bitatu by'isarura byakurikiyeho:

Igihembwe cya mbere cyarangiye nta na kimwe cyahagaze kubera moteri. Mu mpera z'umwaka w'imikino, itsinda ry'abashinzwe kubungabunga ryagenzuye moteri zombi mu gihe cyo kuvugurura bisanzwe mu gihe cy'igihembwe. Kwangirika kw'imodoka zari mu mwanya wa mm 0.15 uvuye ku ruganda - ntabwo byari ngombwa mu gihe cyose cy'umurimo uhoraho. Nta gusimbuza agafuni byari bikenewe.

Umuyobozi w'ibikoresho yambwiye ikintu cyagumye mu mutima wanjye:“Twateganyije ingengo y’imari y’ibyangiritse by’imodoka nk’uko twateganyije ingengo y’imari y’ibyatinze by’imvura. Nyuma y’isarura riheruka, twagombaga gukuramo icyo kintu cyo ku giciro kuri gahunda yo kubungabunga.”

Kuki Vicks Hydraulic ikoresha imodoka zitwara imizigo zikoresha isukari?

Mu myaka irenga cumi n'irindwi, Vicks Hydraulic yubatse ibikorwa remezo byubatswe ku buryo bunoze kandi bunoze mu gukora ibice bya hydraulic. Reka mbahe ibisobanuro by'ingenzi mu gufata ibyemezo byo kugura imashini zikora isukari.

Igipimo cy'umusaruro

Vicks ikora imiyoboro itandatu ikomeye ku isi, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora imashini zitwara moteri zirenga 80.000 buri mwaka. Iyi si isosiyete ikora ibicuruzwa bito — iyi ni iy’inganda zikora ibikoresho bifite uburyo bwo gucunga neza bukenewe n’abaguzi banini.

Impamyabushobozi zo mu mazi n'inganda

Ku nganda zitunganya isukari nazo zitunganya ibinyampeke kugira ngo zikore ingufu hamwe — igikorwa kirimo kwiyongera i São Paulo nyuma y’aho muri BreziliPorogaramu ya RenovaBio—Ibice bya 液压 bishobora kugenzurwa kimwe n’uburyo bwo kugenzura nk’uko bikorwa mu mazi. Vicks afite uburenganzira bwo gushyira mu byiciro ubwoko bw’ibice buva mu mashyirahamwe atanu akomeye:

• CCS(Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa mu Gushyira mu Bice)
• DNV(Det Norske Veritas, Noruveje)
• ABS(Ibiro by'Abanyamerika bishinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa)
• BV(Ikigo Veritas, mu Bufaransa)
• LR(Inzu ya Lloyd's Register, mu Bwongereza)

Izi mpamyabumenyi si ibirango byo kwamamaza - bisaba kugenzura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa byuzuye, kugenzura uko ibintu bikorwa, no gupima ingero mu buryo butunguranye. Ku ruganda rugura ibice by’amazi bizamara amezi umunani mu mwaka mu kirere kirimo kwangirika, kumenya ko uruganda rukora ruyobowe n’umuryango mu byiciro byongera icyizere kirenze urupapuro rw’amakuru.

Ubuyobozi bw'Ivugurura ry'Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'Inganda

Vicks Hydraulic igira uruhare nk'urwego rushinzwe kuvugurura amahame ngenderwaho y'inganda ku bikoresho bya hydraulic vane — bivuze ko itsinda ry'abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi ry'ikigo rigira uruhare runini mu gusobanura icyo "cyemewe" n'ubwiza bivuze ku rwego rwose. Uyu si umuntu ufite icyemezo cy'ubudahangarwa; ni umusanzu wa tekiniki ku mahame abanywanyi bagomba kuba bujuje.

Iyo uturutse kuri Vicks, uba ukorana n'uruganda rufite ijambo ryimbitse mu gushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho by'uko ibikoresho byose bya vane bipimwa.

Ubushobozi bwo Kugurisha Imishinga Minini

Ku mishinga y'inganda zikora isukari isaba moteri nyinshi — zaba izo kubaka amakompanyi mashya cyangwa kuvugurura moteri nyinshi — Vicks' ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora amakompanyi arenga 80,000 ku mwaka.gahunda zo kugura ibicuruzwa ku bucuruzi buniniziboneka ku bicuruzwa birengeje ibipimo 20. Ibi bisobanura ko ubukungu bw'ibicuruzwa buhanganye n'abatanga moteri z'ibikoresho, mu gihe butanga ibyiza byavuzwe haruguru.

Niba uri rwiyemezamirimo wa EPC ukora ku ruganda rw’isukari rukora isukari cyangwa uruganda runini rwo kwagura, ubu bushobozi bwo gutanga no kugena ibiciro birakwiye kuganirwaho mu ntangiriro z’umushinga.

Icyo FAO ivuga ku isukari kuri uru rwego

Biteganijwe ko umusaruro w'isukari ku isi uzakomeza kuba mu buryo buhamye mu myaka ya za 2020 hagati nk'ukoRaporo za FAO ku birebana n'ibiribwa. Brezili ikomeje kuba igihugu kinini ku isi mu gucuruza ibisheke, aho leta ya São Paulo ifite hafi 55% by'umusaruro w'igihugu. Mu gihe inganda zihura n'igitutu cyo kunoza imikorere myiza ya toni imwe, ubukungu bwo gukoresha amazi mu buryo bwizewe burushaho gukomera - ntabwo ari bike.

Uruganda rutunganya toni 12.000 ku munsi mu gihe cy'amezi umunani rw'isarura rushobora gufata toni miliyoni 2.88 kuri buri gihembwe. Ku giciro cy'umusaruro gisanzwe cya USD 28 kuri toni, buri saha y'igihe kitateganijwe cyo kuruhuka ingana na USD 800.000 mu gaciro k'itunganywa ry'ibishyimbo byatakaye kuri buri musaruro. Niba kuvugurura moteri bigabanya ihagarara ritarateganijwe ndetse n'igihe kimwe kuri buri gihembwe, kubara ROI kuri moteri zigezweho biroroshye.

Urubanza rwa Tekiniki: Incamake

Dore impamvu za tekiniki zihuriweho zigaragaza impamvu moteri za hydraulic vane ari zo zikwiye ku modoka zitwara ibisheke za metero 50 muri São Paulo:

1. Ubudahangarwa bw'ubwandu— Uburyo bwo kuziba ivumbi rya bande bushobora kwihanganira cyane ivumbi ryinjira kurusha gukoresha imashini mu gufunga amenyo, bigabanya igipimo cyo kwangirika mu nganda zuzuyemo ivumbi.
2. Ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubushuhe— Icyumba cy’ubushyuhe gifunze gikomeza umuvuduko mwiza w’imbere, kikagabanya ingese iterwa n’ubushuhe mu gihe cy’ubushuhe bw’ubushyuhe.
3. Ubushobozi bwo gutwara imodoka mu buryo butaziguye— Umuvuduko mwinshi ukuraho agasanduku k'amakuru, gukuraho ikintu cyo kubungabunga no kunoza imikorere myiza ya sisitemu.
4. Gutanga torque nziza— Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'umugongo byongera igihe cyo gukoresha umukandara w'icyuma ku mikandara miremire y'icyuma.
5. Kwambara wishyura— Igenamigambi ry’imikorere rikorwa buhoro buhoro bivuze ko ibikorwa byo kubungabunga biteganyijwe aho kuba ibyo mu buryo bwihutirwa.
6. Umusaruro mwinshi mu gice cyo gukoresha torque cya 60–80%— Agace nyako gakoreramo umuyoboro w’ibisheke, aho moteri zifite moteri zirusha moteri z’ibigega amanota 5–6 ku ijana.

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Ku nganda zikoresha moteri zikoresha ibikoresho kuri za conveyor zazo, guhindura moteri zikoresha ibikoresho ntabwo ari umushinga ugoye w’ubuhanga - ni ugusimbuza moteri zikoresha ibikoresho mu buryo butaziguye mu bunini busanzwe bwa frame. Imiterere y’imodoka zifite uburebure bubiri, izo moteri nyinshi za metero 50 zikoresha ibikoresho zikenera iri mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubushobozi bwa moteri zikoresha ibikoresho bisanzwe, kandi insinga n’imiyoboro y’amazi bishobora guhindurwa hamwe n’uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha moteri mu nganda.

Ishoramari rishingira ku kugereranya byoroshye: amafaranga akoreshwa mu kubungabunga buri mwaka n'igihe cyo kuruhuka hakoreshejwe moteri z'ibikoresho, ugereranyije n'ikiguzi cyashyizweho n'igihe cyo kuyikoresha hakoreshejwe moteri z'ibikoresho. Ku mibare nabonye muri São Paulo mills, moteri z'ibikoresho zishyura mu mezi 18 kugeza kuri 24 ku buryo busanzwe bwo gutwara imodoka.

Niba urimo gusuzuma ibi ku bijyanye n'uruganda rwawe cyangwa umushinga urimo gukora, nishimiye ikiganiro cya tekiniki kitaziguye. Itsinda ryacu ry'abahanga muri Vicks Hydraulic rishobora gutanga ubufasha mu guhitamo moteri hashingiwe ku bipimo byihariye by'umuyoboro wawe, harimo umuvuduko w'umukandara, imiterere y'umutwaro, n'imiterere y'ikinyabiziga.

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